Nursing Elites

1. When assessing for criteria that signify malnutrition risk, which element would most likely be included as part of the functional assessment data?

• A. severity of illness
• B. presence of pressure sores
• C. localized edema
• D. generalized weakness

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Generalized weakness is a key indicator of malnutrition and is often assessed as part of functional status, reflecting muscle wasting and reduced physical function. The other choices, such as severity of illness, presence of pressure sores, and localized edema, are important factors to consider in a clinical assessment but are not primarily indicative of malnutrition risk. Generalized weakness directly relates to the functional impact of malnutrition on physical performance.

2. A client is experiencing sleep disturbances and desires to decrease caffeine intake. Which of the following beverages should the nurse recommend?

• A. Lemon-lime soda
• B. Brewed iced tea
• C. Diet cola
• D. Chocolate milk

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The nurse should recommend brewed iced tea as it generally contains less caffeine compared to other choices. Lemon-lime soda, diet cola, and chocolate milk all contain caffeine, which can contribute to sleep disturbances. Lemon-lime soda and diet cola are carbonated beverages that typically contain caffeine unless specified as caffeine-free. Chocolate milk also contains caffeine due to the cocoa content. Therefore, brewed iced tea is the most suitable choice to reduce caffeine intake and improve sleep quality.

3. A nurse is planning a menu for a client with a folic acid deficiency anemia. Which food should the nurse recommend that is high in folate?

• A. 4 slices of roast beef
• B. ½ cup of asparagus
• C. 1 cup part-skim mozzarella cheese
• D. ¼ cup of olives

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: ½ cup of asparagus. Asparagus is high in folate, making it a suitable recommendation for clients with folic acid deficiency anemia. Folate is essential in the production of red blood cells, which is crucial in managing anemia. Choices A, C, and D do not contain as much folate as asparagus and are not the best options for addressing a folic acid deficiency anemia.

4. Which of the following converts starch to disaccharides, and this reaction occurs in the _____?

• A. pancreatic amylases, small intestine
• B. brush border enzymes, small intestine
• C. luminal enzymes, large intestine
• D. pancreatic amylases, pancreas

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Pancreatic amylases break down starch into disaccharides in the small intestine. This process occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine or pancreas. Brush border enzymes act on disaccharides to break them down into monosaccharides, while luminal enzymes are not specifically involved in the conversion of starch to disaccharides.

5. What best describes a task of the registered dietitian?

• A. administering total parenteral nutrition
• B. administering formula through feeding tubes
• C. prescribing diet orders
• D. conducting nutrition assessments

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, conducting nutrition assessments. Registered dietitians are responsible for assessing an individual's nutritional status, dietary intake, and health needs. This assessment forms the basis for developing personalized nutrition care plans. Choices A and B involve the administration of specialized nutrition support, which is typically done by healthcare providers with specific training in those areas. Choice C, prescribing diet orders, may fall outside the scope of practice for a dietitian as they focus more on assessment, education, and counseling related to nutrition rather than prescribing medical treatments.

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