Nursing Elites

1. Which item is typically fortified with iodine to address iodine deficiency in the population?

• A. Flour
• B. Salt
• C. Canned vegetables
• D. Drinking water

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Iodized salt is the correct answer. Iodine deficiency can lead to thyroid problems, so iodine is added to salt to ensure an adequate intake of this essential nutrient. Flour is often fortified with other nutrients like folic acid, iron, and niacin, but not iodine. Canned vegetables and drinking water are not typically fortified with iodine to address deficiency in the population.

2. In managing Type 2 diabetes, what is the most important dietary change?

• A. Increase carbohydrate intake
• B. Increase fiber intake
• C. Increase protein intake
• D. Reduce fat intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increasing fiber intake can help regulate blood sugar levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes.

3. A client at risk for iron-deficiency anemia is being taught by a nurse about optimizing dietary intake of iron. The nurse should explain that which of the following sources of iron is easiest for the body to absorb?

• A. Spinach
• B. Cantaloupe
• C. Chicken
• D. Lentils

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Chicken.' Chicken contains heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based sources like spinach, cantaloupe, and lentils. Heme iron, as present in chicken, is more bioavailable and is better absorbed by the body, making it an excellent source of iron for individuals at risk of iron-deficiency anemia. Spinach, cantaloupe, and lentils contain non-heme iron, which is not as efficiently absorbed as heme iron.

4. To prevent injury and strain on the muscles, the nurse should observe proper body mechanics. Among the following, which is a principle of proper body mechanics?

• A. Broaden the space between the feet
• B. Push instead of pull
• C. Move the object away from the body when lifting
• D. Bend at the waist, not on the knees

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. The mentally ill person responds positively to the nurse who is warm and caring. This is a demonstration of the nurse’s role as:

• A. counselor
• B. mother surrogate
• C. therapist
• D. socializing agent

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

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