Nursing Elites

1. Which item is typically fortified with iodine to address iodine deficiency in the population?

• A. Flour
• B. Salt
• C. Canned vegetables
• D. Drinking water

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Iodized salt is the correct answer. Iodine deficiency can lead to thyroid problems, so iodine is added to salt to ensure an adequate intake of this essential nutrient. Flour is often fortified with other nutrients like folic acid, iron, and niacin, but not iodine. Canned vegetables and drinking water are not typically fortified with iodine to address deficiency in the population.

2. Age group categories within older adults are classified as 'young old,' 'old,' and 'oldest old,' the latter of which comprises adults aged _____.

• A. 70-80 years
• B. 75-84 years
• C. 80-90 years
• D. 85 years or older

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The 'oldest old' category includes adults aged 85 years or older. This age group faces unique health challenges and requires specialized care. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not fall within the age range specified for the 'oldest old' category.

3. The mechanism behind most CKD in patients without diabetes is mediated by:

• A. enzyme systems
• B. immune systems
• C. catabolic systems
• D. hormonal systems

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In non-diabetic patients, CKD is often mediated by immune system responses. Chronic inflammation triggered by immune system dysfunction can contribute to progressive kidney damage. Therefore, the correct answer is 'immune systems.' Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because CKD in non-diabetic patients is primarily associated with immune system abnormalities rather than enzyme, catabolic, or hormonal systems.

4. Thiamin

• A. Vitamin B1
• B. Vitamin B2
• C. Vitamin B3
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Thiamin, or Vitamin B1, plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and the proper functioning of the nervous system.

5. A client who is experiencing dumping syndrome following gastric surgery is receiving education from a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I should drink additional fluids with my meals.
• B. I should eat high-fiber snacks between meals.
• C. I should eat a protein source with each meal.
• D. I can have caffeinated beverages in small amounts.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Eating a protein source with each meal can help manage dumping syndrome by slowing gastric emptying and reducing symptoms. This choice is the most appropriate as it directly addresses a key dietary recommendation for dumping syndrome. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because drinking additional fluids with meals, eating high-fiber snacks between meals, and consuming caffeinated beverages can exacerbate dumping syndrome symptoms by increasing gastric emptying and worsening the condition.

Similar Questions