to prevent baby bottle tooth decay what should the nurse instruct

ATI RN

Nutrition ATI Test

1. To prevent baby bottle tooth decay, what should the nurse instruct?

A. Water
B. Milk
C. Iron-fortified formula
D. Unsweetened fruit juice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Water. Water is the best choice to prevent baby bottle tooth decay as it does not cause tooth decay and is a good option for bedtime bottles. Milk (choice B) and iron-fortified formula (choice C) contain sugars that can contribute to tooth decay. Unsweetened fruit juice (choice D) also contains natural sugars that can be harmful to the baby's teeth.

2. In which type of shock does the patient experience a mismatch of blood flow to the cells?

A. Distributive
B. Cardiogenic
C. Hypovolemic
D. Septic

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Distributive shock. Distributive shock is characterized by a widespread increase in vascular permeability leading to a relative hypovolemia and a mismatch of blood flow to the cells. Choice B, Cardiogenic shock, is due to the heart's inability to pump effectively. Choice C, Hypovolemic shock, results from a decrease in intravascular volume. Choice D, Septic shock, is caused by a systemic response to infection.

3. Which food item interferes with the effectiveness of warfarin?

A. Cauliflower
B. Zucchini
C. Green beans
D. Broccoli

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Broccoli is high in vitamin K, which can affect the effectiveness of warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that functions by reducing the activity of vitamin K in the body. When one consumes broccoli, which is rich in vitamin K, it could counteract the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, thereby interfering with its effectiveness. On the other hand, cauliflower, zucchini, and green beans do not have significant levels of vitamin K and hence, are not known to impact the effectiveness of warfarin.

4. Which of the following are absorbed into the bloodstream without needing additional digestion?

A. amino acids
B. monosaccharides
C. glycerol
D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Amino acids, monosaccharides, and glycerol are absorbed directly into the bloodstream without requiring further digestion.

5. Which is most likely to initiate periodontal disease?

A. Nutrient deficiencies
B. Nutrient excesses
C. Nutrient imbalances
D. Plaque biofilm

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Plaque biofilm is the primary initiator of periodontal disease, as it harbors bacteria that can lead to inflammation and destruction of the periodontal tissues.