Nursing Elites

1. Does alcohol contain energy and is therefore a nutrient?

• A. True
• B. False
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Alcohol does contain energy and provides calories, but it is not considered a nutrient. Nutrients are substances that contribute to essential bodily functions. While alcohol may have energy, it does not provide essential vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients necessary for the body's health. Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption can have harmful effects on the body, further supporting why alcohol is not classified as a nutrient.

2. The purpose of chest percussion and vibration is to loosen secretions in the lungs. The difference between the procedures is:

• A. Percussion uses only one hand, while vibration uses both hands
• B. Percussion delivers cushioned blows to the chest with cupped palms, while vibration gently shakes secretions loose
• C. In both percussion and vibration, the hands are not on top of each other, and hand action is not in tune with the client's breath
• D. Percussion slaps the chest to loosen secretions, while vibration shakes the secretions along with the inhalation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Chest percussion involves the use of rhythmic tapping to dislodge mucus from the lungs, facilitating its movement toward the larger airways where it can be expelled. This technique is particularly important in conditions where mucus retention is a significant risk factor for infection. The key difference between chest percussion and vibration is that percussion involves slapping the chest to loosen secretions, while vibration involves shaking the secretions along with the inhalation, aiding in moving the loosened secretions upwards for easier removal. Choices A, B, and C do not accurately describe the main difference between chest percussion and vibration, making them incorrect.

3. A client who follows the dietary laws of Orthodox Judaism is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following meal choices should the nurse request for the client?

• A. Turkey and cheese sandwich
• B. Spaghetti with tomato sauce
• C. Pork chop and applesauce
• D. Scrambled eggs and bacon

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct meal choice for a client following the dietary laws of Orthodox Judaism is 'Spaghetti with tomato sauce.' Orthodox Judaism prohibits mixing meat and dairy and consuming pork. The other choices - 'Turkey and cheese sandwich' (mixing meat and dairy), 'Pork chop and applesauce' (contains pork), and 'Scrambled eggs and bacon' (mixing meat and dairy) - do not adhere to the kosher dietary laws.

4. Selective inattention is seen in which level of anxiety?

• A. Mild
• B. Moderate
• C. Severe
• D. Panic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Selective inattention is a defense mechanism seen in panic-level anxiety. In panic anxiety, individuals may experience selective inattention, where they focus only on specific aspects and ignore others. Mild anxiety does not typically involve selective inattention as individuals can still function effectively. Moderate and severe anxiety may impair attention, but selective inattention is more characteristic of panic-level anxiety.

5. One of the following statements is true with regards to the care of clients with depression:

• A. Only mentally ill persons commit suicide
• B. All depressed clients are considered potentially suicidal
• C. Most suicidal person gives no warning
• D. The chance of suicide lessens as depression lessens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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