Nursing Elites

1. The recommended treatment modality in clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is:

• A. Psychotherapy
• B. Behavior therapy
• C. Aversion therapy
• D. Psychoanalysis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended treatment modality for clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder is Behavior Therapy, not Psychoanalysis. Behavior therapy, specifically exposure and response prevention, is considered the first-line treatment for OCD. This therapy focuses on changing the patterns of behavior that contribute to the disorder. Psychotherapy, although beneficial in some cases, is not as effective as behavior therapy for OCD. Aversion therapy involves associating a stimulus with a negative outcome to reduce the frequency of a specific behavior, which is not the primary approach for OCD.

2. Men generally have a higher RDA than women, except during pregnancy and lactation when women’s nutritional needs increase significantly.

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement is TRUE. Men typically require a higher Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) than women due to physiological differences. However, during pregnancy and lactation, women's nutritional needs increase significantly to support the growth and development of the baby. Therefore, during these stages, women may require a higher RDA compared to men. This exception is crucial to consider when evaluating nutritional requirements based on gender.

3. Is it a good idea for an athlete to eliminate all fat from his diet in order to stay lean?

• A. yes, because dietary fat is stored easily in fat cells and can't be used for energy
• B. no, because fats provide energy during prolonged exercise
• C. yes, because fat is stored under the skin and causes the body to overheat
• D. no, because excess fat is converted to glycogen and stored in the muscles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fat is an essential energy source during prolonged exercise, so eliminating it entirely from the diet is not advisable for athletes.

4. A nurse should be cognizant that professional programs for specialty certification by the Board of Nursing accredited through the:

• A. Professional Regulation Commission
• B. Nursing Specialty Certification Council
• C. Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing
• D. Philippine Nurse Association

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Can bacterial plaque metabolize sucrose, lactose, and fructose? Is fructose, also known as levulose and found naturally in honey, less cariogenic than sucrose and lactose?

• A. Yes, bacterial plaque can metabolize these sugars, but no, fructose is not less cariogenic.
• B. No, bacterial plaque cannot metabolize these sugars, and fructose is not less cariogenic.
• C. Yes, bacterial plaque can metabolize these sugars, but no, fructose is not less cariogenic.
• D. No, bacterial plaque cannot metabolize these sugars, but yes, fructose is less cariogenic.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The first statement is correct as bacterial plaque can indeed metabolize sucrose, lactose, and fructose. However, the second statement is inaccurate. Fructose, despite being found naturally in honey and known also as levulose, is not less cariogenic than either sucrose or lactose. This means that its consumption does not result in fewer cavities or tooth decay. Therefore, the correct answer is that bacterial plaque can metabolize these sugars, but fructose is not less cariogenic. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they either wrongly assert that bacterial plaque cannot metabolize these sugars or wrongly claim that fructose is less cariogenic.

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