a nurse is planning to teach a client about a low potassium diet which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid select one

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition

1. A nurse is planning to teach a client about a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

A. Butter
B. Poultry
C. Yogurt
D. Orange juice

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Orange juice is high in potassium and should be avoided in a low-potassium diet. Butter, poultry, and yogurt are low-potassium food choices and can be included in a low-potassium diet. Poultry is a good source of lean protein, yogurt is a good source of calcium and protein, and butter is low in potassium. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid orange juice as it is high in potassium, which is not suitable for a low-potassium diet.

2. A guideline that is utilized in determining priorities is to assess the status of the following, EXCEPT:

A. perfusion
B. locomotion
C. respiration
D. mentation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When determining priorities in patient care, assessing perfusion, respiration, and locomotion are crucial. However, assessing mentation is also important but not typically included in the ABCs of emergency care. Monitoring mentation is essential for neurological assessment and detecting changes in mental status, but it is not part of the immediate priorities in life-threatening situations.

3. Which of the following actions would be of highest priority with regards to the external shunt?

A. Avoid taking blood pressure or blood sample from the arm with the shunt
B. Instruct the patient not to exercise the arm with the shunt
C. Heparinize the shunt daily
D. Change the dressing of the shunt daily

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Heparinizing the shunt daily (choice C) is the highest priority action as it prevents the formation of blood clots that can occlude the shunt, leading to potential complications such as thrombosis. Avoiding taking blood pressure or blood samples from the arm with the shunt (choice A) is also important, but secondary to heparinizing the shunt. Similarly, instructing the patient not to exercise the arm with the shunt (choice B) can help prevent unnecessary strain on the shunt, but it is not as critical as preventing clot formation. Changing the dressing of the shunt daily (choice D) is a standard nursing care practice to prevent infection, but again, it is not as critical as ensuring the shunt remains patent through daily heparinization.

4. Which mineral is essential for wound healing?

A. iodine
B. chromium
C. zinc
D. sulfate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Zinc plays a critical role in wound healing due to its involvement in cell proliferation, immune function, and protein synthesis, all of which are essential for tissue repair.

5. What kinds of foods do people who live in food deserts typically lack?

A. fresh fruits and vegetables
B. energy-dense foods
C. beef or pork products
D. grains and cereals

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: Fresh fruits and vegetables are often unavailable in food deserts, where access to nutritious, perishable foods is limited. Choice B, energy-dense foods, is incorrect because these are more likely to be available in food deserts, contributing to health issues. Choice C, beef or pork products, is incorrect as the focus is on the lack of fresh produce. Choice D, grains and cereals, is incorrect as these are staple foods that are more commonly found even in areas classified as food deserts.