Nursing Elites

1. The nurse notes that the fall might also cause a possible head injury. The patient will be observed for signs of increased intracranial pressure which include:

• A. Narrowing of the pulse pressure
• B. Vomiting
• C. Periorbital edema
• D. A positive Kernig's sign

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Periorbital edema is a sign of increased intracranial pressure. It is caused by fluid accumulation around the eyes due to compromised drainage. Narrowing of the pulse pressure is more indicative of shock than increased intracranial pressure. While vomiting can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure, it is not as specific as periorbital edema. A positive Kernig's sign is associated with meningitis, not increased intracranial pressure.

2. Selective inattention is seen in which level of anxiety?

• A. Mild
• B. Moderate
• C. Severe
• D. Panic

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Selective inattention is a defense mechanism seen in panic-level anxiety. In panic anxiety, individuals may experience selective inattention, where they focus only on specific aspects and ignore others. Mild anxiety does not typically involve selective inattention as individuals can still function effectively. Moderate and severe anxiety may impair attention, but selective inattention is more characteristic of panic-level anxiety.

3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. The client's family has requested to bring in some of the client's favorite foods. Which of the following food items should the nurse tell the family members to omit?

• A. Boiled rice
• B. Flat bread
• C. Broiled fish fillet
• D. Pickled vegetables

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Pickled vegetables.' Pickled vegetables are high in sodium due to the pickling process, making them unsuitable for a low-sodium diet. Boiled rice, flat bread, and broiled fish fillet are generally lower in sodium compared to pickled vegetables and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Therefore, the nurse should advise the family to omit pickled vegetables to adhere to the client's dietary restrictions.

4. Persons experiencing crisis becomes passive and submissive. As a nurse, you know that the best approach in crisis intervention is to be:

• A. Active and Directive
• B. Passive friendliness
• C. Active friendliness
• D. Firm kindness

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. Worldwide, what is the most common nutrient deficiency?

• A. magnesium deficiency
• B. iron deficiency
• C. selenium deficiency
• D. zinc deficiency

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency globally. It leads to anemia and affects many populations, especially women and children. Magnesium, selenium, and zinc deficiencies are important, but they are not as prevalent as iron deficiency on a global scale.

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