Nursing Elites

1. The purpose of ECT in clients with depression is to:

• A. Stimulation in the brain to increase brain conduction and counteract depression
• B. Mainly Biologic, increasing the norepinephrine and serotonin level
• C. Creates a temporary brain damage that will increase blood flow to the brain
• D. Involves the conduction of electrical current to the brain to charge the neurons and combat depression

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. While evaluating the meal choices of a client with major depressive disorder and a prescription of Phenelzine, which of the following selections should the nurse identify as appropriate?

• A. Cheddar cheese
• B. Smoked salmon
• C. Strawberry yogurt
• D. Pepperoni pizza

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Strawberry yogurt.' This choice is appropriate because it does not contain high levels of tyramine, which can lead to a dangerous interaction with Phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Tyramine-rich foods, like aged cheeses (such as cheddar cheese) and cured meats (like smoked salmon and pepperoni), should be avoided by individuals taking Phenelzine to prevent hypertensive crisis. Strawberry yogurt is a safer option for the client in this scenario.

3. In which condition is underconsumption of fat not a concern?

• A. Malabsorption syndromes
• B. Cystic fibrosis
• C. AIDS
• D. Hypertension

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypertension. Hypertension is not typically associated with underconsumption of fat; instead, it is more related to the consumption of excess fat, especially saturated and trans fats, which can contribute to increased blood pressure. Malabsorption syndromes, cystic fibrosis, and AIDS are conditions where underconsumption of fat can be a concern due to various reasons such as malabsorption issues, pancreatic insufficiency, or increased energy needs.

4. A factor contributing to the risk for dehydration in the older adult is that _____.

• A. drinking fluids causes loss of bladder control
• B. older adults do not seem to notice mouth dryness as readily as younger people
• C. increased fluid intake will decrease the intake of nutrient-dense foods
• D. changes in intestinal motility contribute to excess fluid loss

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Older adults may not notice mouth dryness as readily as younger individuals, increasing their risk for dehydration, especially if they do not consciously increase fluid intake.

5. Which mineral is important for the synthesis of thyroid hormones?

• A. Iron
• B. Zinc
• C. Iodine
• D. Magnesium

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Iodine is the correct answer. It is crucial for the synthesis of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Without sufficient iodine, the thyroid cannot produce adequate amounts of hormones, leading to potential issues like hypothyroidism. Iron (Choice A), Zinc (Choice B), and Magnesium (Choice D) do not play a direct role in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, making them incorrect choices for this question.

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