Nursing Elites

1. What can be a potential consequence of consuming insufficient fat?

• A. constipation
• B. marasmus
• C. infertility
• D. diverticulitis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Fat is crucial for the production of hormones, including reproductive hormones. Consuming too little fat can lead to hormonal imbalances, affecting fertility. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Constipation is more commonly associated with insufficient fiber intake, marasmus is severe malnutrition due to overall calorie deficiency, and diverticulitis is often related to low fiber intake and not specifically low fat consumption.

2. What are the best food sources of magnesium?

• A. oils, bananas, and pork
• B. pizza, potatoes, and tomatoes
• C. milk, rice, and apples
• D. legumes, whole grains, and chocolate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: legumes, whole grains, and chocolate. These foods are rich sources of magnesium, an essential mineral that plays a role in over 300 biochemical reactions in the body. Choices A, B, and C do not contain as high levels of magnesium compared to legumes, whole grains, and chocolate.

3. Mario listens to Richard’s bilateral sounds and finds that congestion is in the upper lobes of the lungs. The appropriate position to drain the anterior and posterior apical segments of the lungs when Mario does percussion would be:

• A. Client lying on his back then flat on his abdomen on Trendelenburg position
• B. Client seated upright in bed or on a chair then leaning forward in sitting position then flat on his back and on his
• C. Client lying flat on his back and then flat on his abdomen
• D. Client lying on his right then left side on Trendelenburg position

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Proper patient positioning is essential for maximizing lung expansion and promoting the drainage of secretions. Postural drainage techniques rely on gravity to help clear different lung segments, which is critical in preventing complications such as atelectasis or pneumonia in immobilized patients.

4. What should Mrs. Smith do to increase her HDL levels, as advised by the nurse?

• A. Monitor her blood glucose levels
• B. Quit smoking
• C. Control her blood pressure
• D. Take fish oil supplements

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Quit smoking.' Smoking has been shown to lower HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) levels, and quitting can help to improve these levels. HDL is often referred to as 'good cholesterol' because it helps to remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream, reducing the risk of heart disease. While monitoring blood glucose levels, controlling blood pressure, and taking fish oil supplements can contribute to overall health and wellbeing, they do not directly increase HDL levels in the same way that quitting smoking does. Therefore, quitting smoking is the most effective way for Mrs. Smith to increase her HDL levels as advised by the nurse.

5. Which organ absorbs water and vitamin K and may be affected by ulcerative colitis?

• A. Stomach
• B. Pancreas
• C. Large intestine
• D. Small intestine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The large intestine is the organ that is primarily responsible for the absorption of water and vitamin K in the human body. A disease like ulcerative colitis can disrupt these functions by causing inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine, leading to digestive issues. The stomach (Choice A) primarily functions to break down and digest food, not to absorb water and vitamins. The pancreas (Choice B) secretes enzymes to aid in digestion and hormones to regulate blood sugar, but does not absorb water and vitamins. The small intestine (Choice D) is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients from digested food, but not specifically water and vitamin K. Therefore, these other choices are incorrect.

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