Nursing Elites

1. The lobe of the brain that contains the auditory receptive areas is the ____________ lobe.

• A. temporal
• B. frontal
• C. parietal
• D. occipital

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

2. The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with major depression is:

• A. Altered nutrition
• B. Altered thought process
• C. Self care deficit
• D. Risk for injury

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

3. Which vitamin's recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is significantly increased during pregnancy?

• A. Folate
• B. Thiamine (B1)
• C. Riboflavin (B2)
• D. Niacin (B3)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Folate. During pregnancy, the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for folate is significantly increased to support fetal development and prevent neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies. Folate plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cell growth, making it essential for the rapidly dividing cells of the developing fetus. Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), and Niacin (B3) are important vitamins, but their RDAs do not undergo as significant an increase during pregnancy as folate's RDA does.

4. What happens when Mrs. Guevarra, a nurse, delegates aspects of the client's care to the nurse-aide, an unlicensed staff member?

• A. Mrs. Guevarra makes the assignment to instruct the staff member
• B. Mrs. Guevarra is assigning the responsibility to the aide but not the accountability for those tasks
• C. Mrs. Guevarra does not need to directly supervise or evaluate the aide
• D. Mrs. Guevarra must know how to perform the task being delegated

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. While it is true that Mrs. Guevarra is delegating tasks to the nurse-aide, she does not necessarily have to directly supervise or evaluate the aide. She still retains the overall accountability for the care of the client, but direct supervision of the aide is not a requirement for delegation. Choice A is incorrect because the primary purpose of delegation is not instruction. Choice B is also incorrect because although Mrs. Guevarra is delegating tasks, she still retains accountability for those tasks. Finally, choice D is incorrect because the ability to perform the task being delegated is not a requirement for the delegator; the delegatee should have the necessary skills and knowledge to perform the delegated tasks.

5. Causes of acute renal failure include:

• A. chronic renal failure
• B. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
• C. recurrent urinary tract infections
• D. severe injury such as extensive burns

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Severe injuries, like extensive burns, can cause acute renal failure due to shock, reduced blood flow to the kidneys, and tissue damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chronic renal failure, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and recurrent urinary tract infections are more likely to contribute to chronic kidney disease rather than acute renal failure.

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