Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is teaching parents about the effects of media on childhood obesity. The nurse realizes the parents understand the teaching if they make which statements? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Advertising of unhealthy food can increase snacking
• B. Increased screen time may be related to unhealthy sleep
• C. There is a link between the amount of screen time and obesity
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Increased screen time is associated with unhealthy habits, such as poor sleep and snacking, which contribute to obesity, but it does not necessarily improve nutrition knowledge.

2. The nurse is caring for a child with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis. Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis?

• A. Occurs after a urinary tract infection
• B. Occurs after a streptococcal infection
• C. Associated with renal vascular disorders
• D. Is caused by E. coli

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Occurs after a streptococcal infection.' Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis often occurs after an infection with certain strains of streptococcus bacteria, specifically group A streptococcus. The body’s immune response to the infection leads to inflammation and damage in the kidneys. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is primarily associated with streptococcal infections, not urinary tract infections, renal vascular disorders, or E. coli.

3. Superficial palpation of the abdomen is often perceived by the child as tickling. Which measure by the nurse is most likely to minimize this sensation and promote relaxation?

• A. Palpate another area simultaneously
• B. Ask the child not to laugh or move
• C. Begin with deeper palpation and gradually progress to superficial palpation
• D. Have the child help with palpation by placing his or her hand over the palpating hand

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Allowing the child to place their hand over the nurse's hand helps reduce the tickling sensation and increases the child's comfort during the examination.

4. What does the Hib conjugate vaccine protect against?

• A. Bacterial meningitis
• B. Epiglottitis
• C. Bacterial pneumonia
• D. All Correct

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Hib conjugate vaccine is crucial for protecting children from several severe infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, including bacterial meningitis, epiglottitis, bacterial pneumonia, septic arthritis, and sepsis. Therefore, all the provided options are correct. Bacterial meningitis, epiglottitis, and bacterial pneumonia are serious conditions that the Hib vaccine effectively prevents, making choice D the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect when considered individually as the Hib vaccine does not protect against only one specific infection; rather, it provides immunity against multiple diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b.

5. The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries. What is the nurse's best response?

• A. Allow him to cry for no longer than 15 minutes and then pick him up
• B. Babies need comforting and cuddling. Meeting these needs will not spoil him
• C. Babies this young cry when they are hungry. Try feeding him when he cries
• D. If he isn’t soiled or wet, leave him, and he'll cry himself to sleep

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Comforting and cuddling a 2-month-old baby when they cry helps build trust and security. At this age, responding to cries does not lead to spoiling, but rather supports healthy emotional development.

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