Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is discussing toddler development with a parent. Which intervention will foster the achievement of autonomy?

• A. Help the toddler complete tasks
• B. Encourage the toddler to do things for themselves when capable
• C. Provide opportunities for the toddler to play with other children
• D. Help the toddler learn the difference between right and wrong

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging the toddler to do things for themselves when capable is the correct intervention to foster autonomy. This approach helps the toddler develop independence, self-confidence, and a sense of achievement. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on assisting rather than encouraging independence. Choice C is incorrect as playing with other children primarily fosters social skills, not necessarily autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as learning the difference between right and wrong is related to moral development, not autonomy.

2. A 13-year-old boy comes to the school nurse complaining of sudden and severe scrotal pain. He denies any trauma to the scrotum. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

• A. Refer him for immediate medical evaluation
• B. Administer analgesics and recommend scrotal support.
• C. Apply an ice bag and observe for increasing pain.
• D. Reassure the adolescent that occasional pain is common with the changes of puberty.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sudden and severe scrotal pain in an adolescent male is a medical emergency and may indicate testicular torsion, which requires immediate evaluation and intervention to prevent testicular loss.

3. What is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year in the United States?

• A. Heart disease
• B. Childhood cancer
• C. Unintentional injuries
• D. Congenital anomalies

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death among children older than 1 year in the United States.

4. What is a suitable nutritional goal for a preschool-aged child?

• A. Minimize messiness and spills.
• B. Introduce new foods gradually and provide variety.
• C. Finish all the food on the plate.
• D. Allow the child to eat only preferred foods.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Introducing new foods gradually and offering a variety of options is a suitable nutritional goal for preschool-aged children as it helps in providing essential nutrients and expanding their palate. Choice A is incorrect as reducing messiness and spills is more related to behavior than nutrition. Choice C is incorrect as forcing a child to finish all the food on the plate may override their natural hunger and fullness cues. Choice D is incorrect as allowing a child to eat only preferred foods may lead to an imbalanced diet lacking in essential nutrients.

5. An effective means of establishing rapport with the hospitalized pre-schooler is through:

• A. Lengthy discussion
• B. Explanation with drawings and models
• C. Play
• D. Silence

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Play is an effective way to communicate and build rapport with young children, especially pre-schoolers. It helps them feel comfortable, express themselves, and establish a connection with the caregiver. Lengthy discussions may not be suitable for their age and attention span, while explanation with drawings and models can enhance communication but may not engage them as effectively as play. Silence, on the other hand, may create a sense of unease or lack of interaction for pre-schoolers.

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