Nursing Elites

1. The mother feels a natural urge to squeeze and push with her abdominal muscles during which stage of labor?

• A. first
• B. second
• C. third
• D. fourth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The mother feels a natural urge to squeeze and push with her abdominal muscles during the second stage of labor. This stage occurs after the cervix is fully dilated and ends with the delivery of the baby. Choice A (first) is incorrect as the first stage is mainly characterized by the dilation of the cervix. Choice C (third) is incorrect as the third stage is the delivery of the placenta, and choice D (fourth) is incorrect as the fourth stage is the recovery period after childbirth.

2. What advice can you offer parents who want to reduce their newborn son’s discomfort during circumcision?

• A. Stimulate the Babinski reflex.
• B. Play loud music to distract the baby.
• C. Offer a sugar solution while gently holding the baby.
• D. Newborns have a low sensitivity to pain, so interventions are unnecessary. Answer: C Page Ref: 108 Skill Level: Apply Topic: The Newborn Baby’s Capacities Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 35 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e Difficulty Level: Difficult

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Offering a sugar solution while gently holding the baby can help reduce the newborn's discomfort during circumcision. This method has been found to effectively decrease pain perception and can provide some comfort to the baby during the procedure. Stimulating the Babinski reflex, playing loud music to distract the baby, and assuming newborns have low sensitivity to pain are not recommended strategies for reducing discomfort during circumcision.

3. What is the most consistent asset of resilient children?

• A. a strong bond with a competent, caring adult
• B. high intelligence
• C. an easygoing temperament
• D. an association with a rule-abiding peer

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most consistent asset of resilient children is a strong bond with a competent, caring adult. This relationship provides crucial support, guidance, and positive role modeling, fostering resilience in children. While intelligence (choice B) can be beneficial, it is not as consistently impactful as a supportive adult bond. An easygoing temperament (choice C) may help, but it is not as universally present in resilient children. Associating with rule-abiding peers (choice D) can be helpful, but the connection with a caring adult is more significant in promoting resilience.

4. In a cross-sectional design, researchers study __________.

• A. the same group of participants repeatedly at different ages
• B. groups of participants differing in age at the same point in time
• C. groups of participants of the same age in different years
• D. participants of the same age at the same point in time

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a cross-sectional design, researchers study groups of participants differing in age at the same point in time. This design allows researchers to compare different age groups simultaneously, providing valuable insight into age-related differences without the need to track the same group over time. Choice A is incorrect because it describes a longitudinal design where the same group is followed over time. Choice C is incorrect as it involves different groups of the same age studied at different times. Choice D is incorrect as it does not capture the essence of a cross-sectional design, which involves studying groups of different ages at the same point in time.

5. Brain growth is especially dramatic during __________, when the brain more than doubles in size.

• A. the first year
• B. the second year
• C. middle childhood
• D. adolescence

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Brain growth is especially dramatic during the first year of life when the brain more than doubles in size. This period is characterized by rapid neural development and growth. The brain doesn't double in size during the second year, making choice B incorrect. Middle childhood and adolescence do not represent periods where the brain more than doubles in size, making choices C and D incorrect, respectively.

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