Nursing Elites

1. What is the approximate energy value of alcohol?

• A. 3 kcal/g
• B. 7 kcal/g
• C. 10 kcal/g
• D. 25 kcal/g

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 7 kcal/g. Alcohol provides approximately 7 kilocalories per gram, making it a significant source of energy or 'empty calories' in the diet that do not contain any nutrients. 'Empty calories' refer to the calorie content without the presence of essential nutrients. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The energy values of 3 kcal/g, 10 kcal/g, and 25 kcal/g are not accurate for alcohol; instead, they may pertain to other nutrients such as carbohydrates (approximately 4 kcal/g), fats (approximately 9 kcal/g), and oils (approximately 9 kcal/g).

2. What sensation is used as a gauge so that patients with ileostomy can determine how often their pouch should be drained?

• A. Sensation of taste
• B. Sensation of pressure
• C. Sensation of smell
• D. Urge to defecate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sensation of pressure. Patients with ileostomy can determine how often their pouch should be drained by feeling the sensation of pressure. This is important as it helps prevent leakage or overflow of the pouch. The sensation of taste (choice A) and smell (choice C) are not typically used as gauges for draining the pouch in ileostomy patients. The urge to defecate (choice D) is not relevant in this context as patients with ileostomy do not pass stool through the rectum.

3. A nurse is completing an admission assessment on an adolescent client who is vegan. Which breakfast item should the nurse recommend as a protein combination with their diet restriction?

• A. Bagel with cream cheese
• B. Wheat toast with jelly
• C. Oatmeal pancakes with peanut butter
• D. Eggs with tofu bacon

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oatmeal pancakes with peanut butter. For a vegan client, it is important to recommend plant-based protein sources. Oatmeal pancakes with peanut butter offer a good protein combination that aligns with their dietary restriction. Choices A, B, and D are not suitable as they all contain animal-derived products, which are not suitable for a vegan diet.

4. What food assistance program provides a food debit card for older adults with low incomes?

• A. the OAA Nutrition Program
• B. Meals on Wheels
• C. the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
• D. the Emergency Food Assistance Program

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). SNAP provides a food debit card to assist low-income individuals, including older adults, in purchasing food. Choice A, the OAA Nutrition Program, is incorrect as it refers to a different program specifically focused on providing nutrition services to older adults. Choice B, Meals on Wheels, is incorrect as it is a meal delivery service for homebound individuals rather than a food debit card program. Choice D, the Emergency Food Assistance Program, is incorrect as it typically involves the distribution of emergency food supplies rather than providing a food debit card.

5. A client who is experiencing dumping syndrome following gastric surgery is receiving education from a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I should drink additional fluids with my meals.
• B. I should eat high-fiber snacks between meals.
• C. I should eat a protein source with each meal.
• D. I can have caffeinated beverages in small amounts.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Eating a protein source with each meal can help manage dumping syndrome by slowing gastric emptying and reducing symptoms. This choice is the most appropriate as it directly addresses a key dietary recommendation for dumping syndrome. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because drinking additional fluids with meals, eating high-fiber snacks between meals, and consuming caffeinated beverages can exacerbate dumping syndrome symptoms by increasing gastric emptying and worsening the condition.

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