major complications of diabetes include damage to the

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored

1. Major complications of diabetes include damage to the:

A. stomach, liver, and pancreas
B. eyes, nerves, and kidneys
C. skin, blood vessels, and lungs
D. brain, pituitary gland, and thyroid gland

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: eyes, nerves, and kidneys. In diabetes, major complications result from damage to small blood vessels that supply these organs. Damage to the eyes can lead to retinopathy, to the nerves causing neuropathy, and to the kidneys causing nephropathy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the typical major complications associated with diabetes.

2. Each statement is true of water-soluble vitamins, except one. Which is it?

A. Act as coenzymes
B. Deficiencies develop rapidly
C. Daily intake is necessary
D. Absorbed in the jejunum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Water-soluble vitamins do not develop deficiencies rapidly because the body does not store them for long periods. They must be obtained through food constantly. Choice A is correct because water-soluble vitamins often act as coenzymes in various metabolic reactions. Choice C is correct as daily intake of water-soluble vitamins is necessary since they are not stored in the body. Choice D is incorrect as water-soluble vitamins are absorbed primarily in the small intestine, particularly in the duodenum and ileum, not the jejunum.

3. What dietary strategy would most likely be used as part of lifestyle management to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease?

A. Avoid foods that contain polyunsaturated fat
B. Limit saturated fat to less than 10 percent of total calories
C. Limit alcohol intake to one drink daily for women and two drinks daily for men
D. Avoid consumption of fish and shellfish

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Limiting alcohol intake is part of a strategy to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by avoiding the negative cardiovascular effects associated with excessive alcohol consumption.

4. Membership dropout generally occurs in group therapy after a member:

A. Accomplishes his goal in joining the group
B. Discovers that his feelings are shared by the group members
C. Experiences feelings of frustration in the group
D. Discusses personal concerns with group members

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. In order to establish a therapeutic relationship with the client, the nurse must first have:

A. Self awareness C. Self acceptance
B. Self understanding D. Self motivation
C.
D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.