Nursing Elites

1. In the following ingredient list, which is the most abundant by weight? Ingredients: enriched flour, sugars, eggs, soy lecithin, artificial colors, natural flavors, milk.

• A. milk
• B. eggs
• C. sugar
• D. enriched flour

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'enriched flour.' In ingredient lists, items are typically listed by weight in descending order. Therefore, the first ingredient, in this case, 'enriched flour,' is the most abundant by weight. Choice A, 'milk,' is not the most abundant as it appears last in the list. Choice B, 'eggs,' and choice C, 'sugar,' also rank lower in the list compared to 'enriched flour,' making them less abundant by weight.

2. What are sheets/forms that provide an efficient and time-saving way to record information that must be obtained repeatedly at regular and/or short intervals of time? This does not replace progress notes; instead, it records information on vital signs, intake and output, treatment, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen, etc. These are used whenever specific measurements or observations need to be documented repeatedly. What is this?

• A. Nursing Kardex
• B. Graphic Flow Sheets
• C. Discharge Summary
• D. Medicine and Treatment Record

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Nursing Kardex. Nursing Kardex is a tool used for documenting essential patient information that needs to be recorded repeatedly at regular intervals. It includes vital signs, intake and output, treatment details, postoperative care, postpartum care, and diabetic regimen. This tool is efficient and time-saving for healthcare professionals. Choice B, Graphic Flow Sheets, may be used for visual representation of patient data but is not specifically designed for repeated documentation of essential information. Choice C, Discharge Summary, is a document outlining the patient's care and condition at the time of discharge, not for repeated recording of ongoing data. Choice D, Medicine and Treatment Record, focuses more on specific medications and treatments rather than a comprehensive recording of various patient data needed at regular intervals.

3. A client says to the nurse “I am worthless person, I should be dead” The nurse best replies:

• A. “Don’t say you are worthless, you are not a worthless person”
• B. “We are going to help you with your feelings”
• C. “What makes you feel you’re worthless?”
• D. “What you say is not true”

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

4. Each of the following is a function of vitamin A, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Prevention of night blindness
• B. Growth of soft tissues and bone
• C. Maintenance of more than 200 genes
• D. Integrity of body openings and their linings

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Maintenance of more than 200 genes is not a function of vitamin A; instead, it is a function of Vitamin D. Vitamin A plays a crucial role in the prevention of night blindness by aiding in the production of the visual pigment rhodopsin. It also supports the growth of soft tissues and bone, as well as the integrity of body openings and their linings. Choice C is incorrect because the maintenance of genes is primarily associated with Vitamin D, not Vitamin A.

5. Which team member works with the client to evaluate the need for special feeding devices and then teaches the client how to use the device?

• A. dietitian
• B. speech-language pathologist
• C. dietetic technician
• D. occupational therapist

Correct answer: D

Rationale: An occupational therapist is the team member who works with the client to evaluate the need for special feeding devices and teaches the client how to use them. Occupational therapists specialize in helping individuals with physical or cognitive impairments to perform daily activities. In this scenario, the need for special feeding devices may be due to impaired motor function or disability, making the occupational therapist the correct choice. The other options, dietitian, speech-language pathologist, and dietetic technician, do not typically specialize in evaluating the need for feeding devices or teaching clients how to use them.

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