g stanley hall and his student arnold gesell
Logo

Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Human Growth and Development Final Exam

1. G. Stanley Hall and his student, Arnold Gesell, __________.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: G. Stanley Hall and his student, Arnold Gesell, launched the normative approach. This approach involves studying large numbers of people of different ages and examining the age-related averages of behaviors to establish norms or typical development patterns. These scholars focused on the systematic observation of how and when certain behaviors appear in children. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the contributions of G. Stanley Hall and Arnold Gesell in the field of developmental psychology.

2. Who is generally regarded as the founder of the child study movement?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Arnold Gesell is generally regarded as the founder of the child study movement, emphasizing the importance of observing and documenting children's behaviors to understand their development. While he was a significant figure in child development research, he did not specifically write child-rearing books for parents, foreshadow lifespan research, or construct the first successful intelligence test. Choice A is incorrect as Gesell's focus was more on research rather than writing child-rearing books. Choice C is incorrect as Gesell's main contributions were in child development, not specifically in aging research. Choice D is incorrect as Gesell is not credited with constructing the first successful intelligence test.

3. Which statement about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is true?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'In South Africa, 30 percent of all pregnant women are HIV-positive.' This statement is true as South Africa has a high prevalence of HIV among pregnant women, emphasizing the need for interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Choice A is inaccurate as women account for more than 50% of new HIV infections globally. Choice C is misleading as the majority of new HIV infections actually occur in sub-Saharan Africa, not just developing countries. Choice D is also incorrect as without treatment, the risk of mother-to-child transmission is higher than 30%.

4. Nonnormative influences are irregular and do not follow a predictable timetable.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nonnormative. Nonnormative influences are events or experiences that are irregular and unique to the individual, so they do not follow a predictable timetable. These influences can include major life events like winning the lottery or experiencing a natural disaster, and they have a significant impact on a person's development. Choice B, History-graded influences, are events that are common to people of a particular generation due to historical circumstances. Choice C, Age-graded influences, are events that are typical for people of a certain age group. Choice D, Bio-historical, is not a recognized term in developmental psychology.

5. Heaven was born several weeks before her due date. Although she was small, her birth weight was appropriate, based on time spent in the uterus. Heaven is a __________ infant.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Heaven is a preterm infant because she was born early, but her weight is appropriate for the time she spent in the womb. Choice A, 'small-for-date,' is incorrect as it does not specifically indicate that the infant was born before the due date. Choice B, 'small-for-weight,' is incorrect because the infant's weight is appropriate for the gestational age. Choice C, 'mature,' is incorrect as it does not reflect the early birth of the infant.

Similar Questions

Students who are foreign-born or first-generation Americans _______ than students of native-born parents.
According to Erikson, the danger in middle childhood is __________, reflected in the pessimism of children who lack confidence in their ability to do things well.
Dr. Bigelow is interested in studying musical prodigies. Which method is best suited for this type of research?
One criticism of the information-processing approach is that it __________.
__________ is the least-developed of the newborn baby’s senses.

Access More Features

ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

Other Courses