for a patient with gerd gastroesophageal reflux disease which dietary advice is most appropriate

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. For a patient with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), which dietary advice is most appropriate?

A. Increase spicy foods
B. Avoid fatty foods
C. Increase citrus fruits
D. Reduce water intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Avoiding fatty foods can help reduce the symptoms of GERD.

2. Fat-soluble vitamins are different from water-soluble vitamins because the body is able to store only small amounts of fat-soluble vitamins.

A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. A major difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins is that the body is able to store larger amounts of fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A and D are stored for long periods; therefore, minor shortages might not be identified until drastic depletion has occurred. Observable signs and symptoms of a dietary deficiency are often not identified until they are in an advanced state. Water-soluble vitamins, on the other hand, are not stored in the body and are excreted in the urine if taken in excess, making it harder to reach toxic levels.

3. Uric acid kidney stones are most commonly associated with what condition?

A. diabetes
B. hypercalcemia
C. gout
D. diarrhea

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Gout is a condition characterized by high levels of uric acid, which can lead to the formation of uric acid kidney stones due to the crystallization of uric acid in the kidneys.

4. What is the most appropriate instruction to provide to the parent of a child who does not like a food item?

A. The child should not be encouraged to try it again.
B. The child should be offered a reward if they eat most of the food items.
C. The child should be offered the item at least 8 times on different occasions.
D. The child should be encouraged to eat at least 5 bites of the food item.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Encouraging repeated exposure to the food item can help the child develop a taste for it. Option A is incorrect as it suggests avoiding encouraging the child to try the food again, which may hinder their ability to develop a liking for it. Option B is incorrect as using rewards for eating may not promote a genuine interest in the food item. Option D is incorrect because setting a specific number of bites may create pressure and negativity around mealtime, rather than fostering a positive association with the food.

5. The dietary guidelines for Americans recommend consuming:

A. nutrient dense foods
B. non-essential amino acids
C. energy dense foods
D. organically grown foods

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The guidelines emphasize nutrient-dense foods that provide essential vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients without excessive calories, sugars, or unhealthy fats.