Nursing Elites

1. When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods?

• A. 10-15 seconds
• B. 30-35 seconds
• C. 20-25 seconds
• D. 0-5 seconds

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During endotracheal suctioning, the nurse should apply suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for a short period of 0-5 seconds. This brief duration helps minimize the risk of hypoxia and trauma to the airway. Choices A, B, and C suggest longer time periods for suctioning, which can increase the risk of complications such as hypoxia, mucosal damage, and the removal of excess amounts of airway secretions.

2. A client with diabetes is being taught by a nurse about the dietary source that should provide the greatest percentage of calories. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching?

• A. "Most of my calories each day should be from fats."?
• B. "I should eat more calories from complex carbohydrates than anything else."?
• C. "Simple sugars are needed more than other calorie sources."?
• D. "Protein should be my main source of calories."?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is '"I should eat more calories from complex carbohydrates than anything else."?' Clients with diabetes should focus on complex carbohydrates as their primary calorie source because they have a lower impact on blood sugar levels compared to simple sugars or fats. Choice A is incorrect because a high intake of fats can lead to various health issues. Choice C is incorrect because simple sugars can cause rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. Choice D is incorrect as while protein is important, it should not be the main source of calories for someone with diabetes.

3. A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is said to be _____.

• A. periodontal
• B. cariogenic
• C. gingival
• D. bacteriophilic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is described as cariogenic. Cariogenic refers to foods or conditions that promote the development of dental caries by providing an environment for bacteria to thrive and produce acids that erode tooth enamel. Choice A, periodontal, is incorrect as it relates to the supporting structures of the teeth rather than the development of dental caries. Choice C, gingival, is also incorrect as it pertains to the gums rather than the causation of dental caries. Choice D, bacteriophilic, is not the term commonly used to describe conditions that lead to dental caries, making it an incorrect choice.

4. Maria’s statement “Bow down before me! I am the holy mother of Christ! I am the blessed Virgin Mary!” is an example of:

• A. Delusion of grandeur
• B. Visual Hallucination
• C. Religious delusion
• D. Auditory Hallcucination

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. A nurse is instructing the mother of a toddler who has iron-deficiency anemia to increase iron in the child's diet in addition to the prescribed iron supplement. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?

• A. Skim milk
• B. Bananas
• C. Tuna fish
• D. Cucumbers

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Tuna fish is a good source of iron and would be beneficial for a toddler with iron-deficiency anemia. Skim milk, bananas, and cucumbers are not significant sources of iron and would not help in increasing the iron levels in the child's diet. Skim milk, in particular, can inhibit iron absorption due to its calcium content, which is important for the nurse to educate the mother about.

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