Nursing Elites

1. During a routine health assessment, the nurse notes that an 8-month-old infant has a significant head lag. Which is the most appropriate action?

• A. Recheck head control at the next visit
• B. Teach the parents appropriate exercises
• C. Schedule the child for further evaluation
• D. Refer the child for further evaluation if the anterior fontanel is still open

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Significant head lag at 8 months is concerning and warrants further evaluation, as it may indicate developmental delays or neurological issues.

2. Which is the most frequently used test for measuring visual acuity?

• A. Snellen letter chart
• B. Ishihara vision test
• C. Allen picture card test
• D. Denver eye screening test

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Snellen letter chart is the most commonly used test for measuring visual acuity, particularly in school-age children and adults.

3. What organism is a parasite that causes acute diarrhea?

• A. Shigella organisms
• B. Salmonella organisms
• C. Giardia lamblia
• D. Escherichia coli

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite known to cause acute diarrhea, often through contaminated water or food. Shigella, Salmonella, and E. coli are bacterial pathogens that also cause diarrhea but are not parasites.

4. The parents of an infant with a cleft palate ask the nurse, "What follow-up care will our infant need after the repair?" Which is an accurate response by the nurse?

• A. Your infant will not need any subsequent follow-up care
• B. Your infant will only need to be evaluated by an audiologist
• C. Your infant will only need follow-up with a speech pathologist
• D. Your infant will need follow-up with audiologists and orthodontists

Correct answer: D

Rationale: After cleft palate repair, the child will need ongoing follow-up with audiologists, speech pathologists, and orthodontists to monitor hearing, speech development, and dental alignment.

5. At an 8-month-old well-baby visit, the parent tells the nurse that her infant falls asleep at night during the last bottle feeding but wakes up when moved to the infant’s crib. What is the most appropriate response for the nurse to make?

• A. You should put your baby to sleep 1 hour earlier without the nighttime feeding but with a pacifier for soothing.
• B. You could place rice cereal in the last bottle feeding of the day to ensure a longer sleep pattern.
• C. You should have your partner give the last bottle of the day and observe whether your infant stays awake for your partner.
• D. You could increase daytime feeding intervals to every 4 hours and put your baby in the crib while the baby is still awake.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Encouraging the baby to fall asleep in the crib while still awake can help establish healthy sleep habits and reduce night waking.

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