Nursing Elites

1. Chest x-ray was ordered after thoracentesis. When your client asks what is the reason for another chest x-ray, you will explain:

• A. to rule out pneumothorax
• B. to rule out any possible perforation
• C. to decongest
• D. to rule out any foreign body

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

2. Which statement indicates understanding of a low-fiber diet?

• A. I can cut up carrots and celery sticks for my lunch.
• B. I will eat a bran muffin for my mid-morning snack.
• C. I will have oatmeal with skim milk for my breakfast.
• D. I should choose canned peaches for my fruit serving.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because canned peaches are low in fiber compared to the other options provided. Option A contains high-fiber vegetables (carrots and celery), option B includes a bran muffin which is fiber-rich, and option C involves oatmeal which is also a good source of fiber. Therefore, choosing canned peaches aligns with a low-fiber diet.

3. Has Healthy People (HP 2020), issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, resulted in a reduction of deaths from cardiovascular disease, stroke, and some cancers, as well as decreased dental caries in children aged 2 to 4 years and adults aged 53 to 44 years?

• A. Yes, both statements are true.
• B. No, both statements are false.
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Both statements are false. While Healthy People (HP 2020) has contributed to a reduction in deaths from cardiovascular disease, stroke, and some cancers, it did not result in decreased dental caries in children aged 2 to 4 years and adults aged 53 to 44 years. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choice A is incorrect because the second statement is false. Choice C is incorrect as the first statement is also false. Choice D is incorrect as the second statement is false.

4. Which of the following is a normal change observed in an elderly individual?

• A. Enhanced sense of taste
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Frequent urination
• D. Lens thinning

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, frequent urination. As people age, they may experience physiological changes that can lead to an increased frequency of urination. This is due to a decrease in bladder capacity and increased bladder irritability, which are normal age-related changes. On the contrary, the sense of taste (Choice A) and appetite (Choice B) often decrease with age, not increase. As for Choice D, the lens of the eye actually thickens with age, not thins, leading to conditions like presbyopia. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

5. What is the conversion of genetic information in RNA into a sequence of amino acids?

• A. translation
• B. transcription
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'translation.' Translation is the process where the genetic information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein. This process occurs at ribosomes within the cell. Option B, 'transcription,' is incorrect as transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template. Options C and D are irrelevant as they are not related to the conversion of genetic information into amino acids.

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