Nursing Elites

1. An infant has been diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT) classified according to the pathophysiology of defective utilization. The nurse understands that the reason for the FTT is most likely related to what?

• A. Cystic fibrosis
• B. Hyperthyroidism
• C. Congenital infection
• D. Breastfeeding problems

Correct answer: C

Rationale: FTT classified as defective utilization is often related to conditions like congenital infections, which interfere with the body's ability to effectively use nutrients. Conditions like cystic fibrosis and hyperthyroidism can also contribute to FTT but are categorized differently

2. When assessing a preschooler's chest, what should the nurse expect?

• A. Respiratory movements to be chiefly thoracic
• B. Anteroposterior diameter to be equal to the transverse diameter
• C. Retraction of the muscles between the ribs on respiratory movement
• D. Movement of the chest wall to be symmetric bilaterally and coordinated with breathing

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a preschooler, chest movement should be symmetric and coordinated with breathing, indicating healthy respiratory function.

3. The educator is teaching about the process of physical growth and development. Which of these describes the directional pattern from head to tail?

• A. Cephalodistal
• B. Cephalocaudal
• C. Proximodistal
• D. Proximocaudal

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cephalocaudal development is the correct term that describes the directional pattern of growth from head to tail. This means that the head and upper body parts develop before the lower parts. Choice A, 'Cephalodistal,' refers to growth from the center of the body outward, not head to tail. Choice C, 'Proximodistal,' describes growth from the center of the body towards the extremities, not specifically from head to tail. Choice D, 'Proximocaudal,' is not a recognized term in the context of physical growth and development.

4. The nurse is teaching a parent with a 2-month-old infant who has been diagnosed with colic about ways to relieve colic. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for additional teaching?

• A. I should let my infant cry for at least 30 minutes before I respond.
• B. I will swaddle my infant tightly with a soft blanket.
• C. I should massage my infant's abdomen whenever possible.
• D. I will place my infant in an upright seat after feeding.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Letting an infant cry for prolonged periods can exacerbate colic and increase the infant's distress. It is better to respond promptly to soothe the baby. Other methods like swaddling, gentle massage, and keeping the infant upright can help relieve colic symptoms.

5. The nurse suspects that a child has ingested some type of poison. What clinical manifestation would be most suggestive that the poison was a corrosive product?

• A. Tinnitus
• B. Disorientation
• C. Stupor, lethargy, and coma
• D. Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx is a characteristic sign of corrosive poisoning, indicating damage to mucous membranes from ingestion of a caustic substance. Other symptoms may vary depending on the poison but are not as specific to corrosive ingestion.

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