ATI RN
Nutrition ATI Test
1. After cleaning the abrasions and applying antiseptic, the nurse applies a cold compress to the swollen ankle as ordered by the physician. This statement shows that the nurse has a correct understanding of the use of a cold compress:
- A. Cold compress reduces blood viscosity in the affected area
- B. It is safer to apply than a hot compress
- C. Cold compress prevents edema and reduces pain
- D. It eliminates toxic waste products due to vasodilation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct understanding of using a cold compress includes knowing that it helps prevent edema and reduces pain. Cold application constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the area, which helps decrease swelling and pain. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because cold compresses do not directly affect blood viscosity, safety compared to hot compresses, or eliminate toxic waste products due to vasodilation. It is essential for nurses to have a clear understanding of the rationale behind interventions to provide effective patient care.
2. You are a researcher testing out the effects of a new food molecule—MEGA—on bone health. In order to know if it actually travels to bone cells in the body, you first need to find out if it gets absorbed in the bloodstream. You eat a food containing MEGA, and you measure the molecule in your urine and feces. You only detect MEGA in the feces. Was MEGA absorbed?
- A. No—absorbed compounds show up in urine, not feces
- B. Yes—absorbed compounds show up in feces, not urine
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: If MEGA was only detected in feces and not in urine, it was not absorbed into the bloodstream. Absorbed compounds typically appear in urine after processing by the body. The correct answer is A because the presence of a compound in feces indicates that it was not absorbed by the body and passed through the digestive system. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the process of absorption and excretion in the body.
3. A paranoid client refuses to eat telling you that you poisoned his food. The best intervention to this client is:
- A. Taste the food in front of him and tell him that the food is not poisoned
- B. Offer other types of food until the client eats
- C. Simply state that the food is not poisoned
- D. Offer sealed foods
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.
4. Each of the following accurately describes features of MyPlate except one. Which one is the exception?
- A. MyPlate replaces the well-known food guide, MyPyramid.
- B. The interactive website is intended to help consumers apply personalized dietary guidance.
- C. Whereas MyPyramid was more specific in many areas, MyPlate provides more general information.
- D. Foods providing similar types of nutrients are grouped together and emphasize proportionality of food selections.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because MyPlate actually provides more specific guidance compared to MyPyramid. MyPlate was designed to simplify the dietary recommendations for consumers by focusing on a visual representation of a plate divided into food groups, making it easier to understand and apply. Choices A, B, and D accurately describe features of MyPlate: replacing MyPyramid, providing personalized dietary guidance through an interactive website, and grouping foods with similar nutrients while emphasizing proportionality of food selections.
5. Which factor contributes to the development of bone diseases in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) due to retention?
- A. Iron
- B. Sodium
- C. Potassium
- D. Phosphorus
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is phosphorus. Retention of phosphorus in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) contributes to the development of bone disorders, including osteodystrophy, because it disrupts the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. This imbalance leads to a variety of bone diseases. The other options - iron, sodium, and potassium - while important in the overall metabolic function, are not directly linked to the development of bone diseases in CKD patients due to retention.
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