a patient with cystic fibrosis would most likely benefit from what type of diet

ATI RN

ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam

1. What type of diet would most likely benefit a patient with cystic fibrosis?

A. Low sodium
B. Low fat
C. Clear liquid
D. High calorie, high protein

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with cystic fibrosis often have malabsorption issues, leading to increased energy needs. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to help meet these needs, support growth, and maintain overall health. Choices A, B, and C do not address the specific dietary requirements associated with cystic fibrosis, making them less beneficial for these patients.

2. During the later stages of chronic kidney disease, what is the recommended protein intake in grams per kilogram of body weight per day?

A. 0.6 to 0.75
B. 1.2 to 1.55
C. 1.0 to 1.2
D. 0.8 to 1.0

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In the later stages of chronic kidney disease, the recommended protein intake is typically restricted to 0.6 to 0.75 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. This lower protein intake helps reduce the workload on the kidneys, as excessive protein can be challenging for the kidneys to process. Choice B (1.2 to 1.55) is incorrect as it suggests a higher protein intake, which is not recommended for individuals with advanced kidney disease. Choices C (1.0 to 1.2) and D (0.8 to 1.0) also advocate for protein intakes higher than what is typically advised for individuals in later stages of chronic kidney disease.

3. A 52-year-old male patient recently required surgery for the removal of a large calcium oxalate stone. To prevent further stone formation, the nurse advises against drinking?

A. apple juice
B. tea
C. orange juice
D. coffee

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tea contains oxalates, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones; therefore, patients prone to kidney stones should avoid excessive tea consumption.

4. A client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN is awaiting the next container. What fluid should the nurse infuse in the interim?

A. Dextrose 5% in water
B. 0.9% sodium chloride
C. Dextrose 10% in water
D. Lactated Ringer's solution

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 0.9% sodium chloride. When a client receiving TPN is awaiting the next container, infusing 0.9% sodium chloride is the appropriate choice to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Dextrose solutions are not recommended as they do not provide sufficient nutrition. Lactated Ringer's solution contains electrolytes but lacks essential nutrients found in TPN, making it an inadequate choice during the delay in TPN delivery.