Nursing Elites

1. What type of diet would most likely benefit a patient with cystic fibrosis?

• A. Low sodium
• B. Low fat
• C. Clear liquid
• D. High calorie, high protein

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Patients with cystic fibrosis often have malabsorption issues, leading to increased energy needs. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to help meet these needs, support growth, and maintain overall health. Choices A, B, and C do not address the specific dietary requirements associated with cystic fibrosis, making them less beneficial for these patients.

2. An appropriate nursing diagnosis for clients in the acute manic phase of bipolar disorder is:

• A. Risk for injury directed to self
• B. Risk for injury directed to others
• C. Impaired nutrition less than body requirements
• D. Ineffective individual coping

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

3. Are the following statements both true: 'Most excess energy intake, whether from protein, carbohydrate, alcohol, or fat, is stored in the liver' and 'Fat is a good source of energy, but the preferred fuel is protein'?

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true, but the second is false
• D. The first statement is false, but the second is true

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Both of the given statements are false. The first statement is inaccurate because the primary location for excess energy storage is not the liver, but rather adipose tissue where it is stored as fat. While the liver does have a role in energy storage and metabolism, it is not the main storage site for excess intake. The second statement is also incorrect. Although fat and protein can be used as sources of energy, the body's preferred source of energy is carbohydrates. They break down more efficiently and are easier for the body to use. The body prefers to conserve protein for other essential functions, such as tissue repair and the production of enzymes. Therefore, protein is not the preferred fuel source.

4. Is it a good idea for an athlete to eliminate all fat from his diet in order to stay lean?

• A. yes, because dietary fat is stored easily in fat cells and can't be used for energy
• B. no, because fats provide energy during prolonged exercise
• C. yes, because fat is stored under the skin and causes the body to overheat
• D. no, because excess fat is converted to glycogen and stored in the muscles

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fat is an essential energy source during prolonged exercise, so eliminating it entirely from the diet is not advisable for athletes.

5. Can a person with Celiac disease eat Poptarts that contain gluten?

• A. Yes
• B. No
• C. Only in small quantities
• D. Only if they are gluten-free Poptarts

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A person with Celiac disease cannot consume Poptarts that contain gluten because gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, triggering an autoimmune response in individuals with Celiac disease and damaging their small intestine. Even small quantities of gluten can lead to this harmful response, making choices 'A' and 'C' incorrect. While gluten-free Poptarts may be suitable for individuals with Celiac disease, regular Poptarts containing gluten are not safe for consumption by them, rendering choice 'D' incorrect as well.

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