a patient with a history of breast cancer is being prescribed tamoxifen nolvadex what should the nurse include in the patient education

ATI RN

Pathophysiology Exam 1 Quizlet

1. A patient with a history of breast cancer is being prescribed tamoxifen (Nolvadex). What should the nurse include in the patient education?

A. Tamoxifen may increase the risk of venous thromboembolism.
B. Tamoxifen may decrease the risk of osteoporosis.
C. Tamoxifen may cause hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms.
D. Tamoxifen may cause weight gain and fluid retention.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Tamoxifen increases the risk of venous thromboembolism. Patients should be educated about signs and symptoms of blood clots, such as swelling, pain, or redness in the legs. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because tamoxifen is not associated with decreasing the risk of osteoporosis, causing hot flashes and menopausal symptoms, or causing weight gain and fluid retention.

2. Why is it important for a patient to take a new oral contraceptive at the same time each day?

A. Taking the medication at the same time each day helps maintain stable hormone levels, which is critical for preventing pregnancy.
B. Taking the medication at the same time each day reduces the risk of breakthrough bleeding.
C. Taking the medication at the same time each day ensures consistent absorption and effectiveness.
D. Taking the medication at the same time each day is important, but missing a dose occasionally is not a concern.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Taking oral contraceptives at the same time each day is crucial for maintaining stable hormone levels, which is essential for the contraceptive's effectiveness in preventing pregnancy. Choice B is incorrect because the primary reason for taking the medication consistently is hormone level stability, not specifically to reduce breakthrough bleeding. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on absorption and effectiveness, which are important but do not address the main reason for consistent timing. Choice D is incorrect because missing doses can impact contraceptive efficacy, making consistent timing essential for optimal protection.

3. Which of the following is a complication of compartment syndrome?

A. Hemorrhage
B. Pain and tissue damage
C. Increased limb function
D. Chronic kidney disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pain and tissue damage. Compartment syndrome occurs due to increased pressure within the muscle compartments, leading to pain and tissue damage. Hemorrhage (choice A) is not a typical complication of compartment syndrome. Increased limb function (choice C) is not a complication but rather a potential improvement if the condition is managed appropriately. Chronic kidney disease (choice D) is unrelated to compartment syndrome.

4. In which of the following cases is dehydration more likely to occur?

A. A 50-year-old woman who is a bodybuilder
B. A 50-year-old man who is morbidly obese
C. A 10-year-old child who is thin
D. A 30-year-old with multiple sclerosis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Morbid obesity increases the risk of dehydration due to the larger body surface area and potential for greater insensible losses. Choices A, C, and D are less likely to experience dehydration compared to a morbidly obese individual.

5. A patient with a history of venous thromboembolism is being considered for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). What should the nurse discuss with the patient regarding the risks of HRT?

A. Discuss the potential for increased bone density.
B. Discuss the potential for an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
C. Discuss the potential for a reduced risk of breast cancer.
D. Discuss the potential for improved mood and energy levels.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including venous thromboembolism. Patients with a history of venous thromboembolism are at higher risk, so discussing this potential risk is crucial. Choice A, increased bone density, is not a major risk of HRT. Choice C, reduced risk of breast cancer, is not a common discussion point regarding HRT risks. Choice D, improved mood and energy levels, is more related to the benefits of HRT rather than its risks.