ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2019 A with NGN
1. A client reports pain and swelling at the IV site. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Flush the IV line and continue the infusion.
- B. Stop the infusion and notify the healthcare provider.
- C. Increase the IV infusion rate to reduce discomfort.
- D. Apply a warm compress to the IV site and continue monitoring.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stop the infusion and notify the healthcare provider. Pain and swelling at an IV site can indicate infiltration or infection, which are serious complications. Stopping the infusion helps prevent further harm to the client, and notifying the healthcare provider promptly allows for appropriate assessment and intervention. Choice A is incorrect because flushing the IV line and continuing the infusion could exacerbate the issue. Choice C is incorrect as increasing the IV infusion rate is not the appropriate action for pain and swelling at the site. Choice D is incorrect because applying a warm compress may not address the underlying issue of infiltration or infection; it's crucial to stop the infusion and seek further guidance.
2. Which nursing action is essential when administering a blood transfusion?
- A. Ensure the blood is administered within 4 hours.
- B. Check the patient's vital signs every 30 minutes during the transfusion.
- C. Administer the transfusion at a slow rate for the first 15 minutes.
- D. Document the transfusion in the patient's medical record immediately after administration.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer the transfusion at a slow rate for the first 15 minutes. This practice is crucial as it helps in detecting any adverse reactions early on. Checking the patient's vital signs every 30 minutes (choice B) is important but not as essential as ensuring a slow rate at the beginning. Administering blood within 4 hours (choice A) is a standard practice but not directly related to the initial administration. Documenting the transfusion immediately (choice D) is necessary but does not directly impact the safety of the initial administration.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client via a nasogastric (NG) tube. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Crush all medications and administer them all at once.
- B. Flush the NG tube before and after each medication.
- C. Administer only liquid forms of medications.
- D. Skip flushing the tube entirely.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Flush the NG tube before and after each medication.' Flushing the NG tube is essential to ensure that the medication passes through smoothly without any obstruction. It helps prevent clogging of the tube and ensures that the full dose of the medication reaches the patient. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because crushing all medications at once, administering only liquid forms of medications, and skipping tube flushing entirely can lead to complications such as tube blockages, incomplete medication administration, and potential harm to the client.
4. A nurse is planning preoperative care for a client who will undergo surgery. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse?
- A. Discuss whether family members will assist with postoperative care
- B. Review the client's current home environment
- C. Identify the client's usual coping mechanisms
- D. Determine what the client knows about the surgery
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In the preoperative phase, determining what the client knows about the surgery is the priority. This action helps address misconceptions, provide necessary information, and ensure the client's understanding and cooperation. Choices A, B, and C are important aspects of preoperative care but assessing the client's knowledge about the surgery takes precedence to alleviate fears, enhance communication, and optimize outcomes.
5. A nurse is discussing organ donation with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. To donate organs, a client must provide consent prior to death
- B. The transplant team will harvest the organs for donation from the donor client
- C. During admission, all clients over the age of 18 should be asked about their organ donor status
- D. The National Organ Transplant Act prohibits the sale and purchase of organs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Asking clients over 18 about their organ donation status upon admission is essential to ensure their wishes are respected. Option A is incorrect because organ donation requires consent, not harvesting. Option B is incorrect because the transplant team, not the donor client's provider, is responsible for organ retrieval. Option D is incorrect because the National Organ Transplant Act prohibits the commercialization of organ transactions, not their donation.
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