Nursing Elites

1. A parent of an infant with diaper dermatitis is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Use baby wipes that contain alcohol to clean the baby's skin.
• B. Expose the baby's skin to air.
• C. Use a blow dryer on the warm setting to dry the baby's skin.
• D. Give the baby a bath once a week.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The nurse should instruct the parent to expose the infant's skin to air as it helps in promoting the healing process of diaper dermatitis by allowing the skin to breathe and reducing moisture, which can worsen the condition.

2. What is an appropriate intervention for the edematous child with reduced mobility related to nephrotic syndrome?

• A. Assist the child in minimizing body movements.
• B. Change the child's position frequently.
• C. Maintain the child's bed flat.
• D. Keep edematous areas moist and covered.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Changing the child's position frequently is essential for preventing respiratory tract infections and reducing pressure on delicate skin, which are common risks for edematous children with reduced mobility due to nephrotic syndrome. This intervention helps promote circulation and prevents complications associated with prolonged immobility.

3. The healthcare provider discussed strategies with a parent to prevent a recurrence of urinary tract infection in the child. Which statement made by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. My daughter should wash and wipe the perineal area from front to back.
• B. I am only going to have my daughter wear cotton underwear.
• C. It is acceptable to take frequent bubble baths.
• D. She needs to drink lots of fluids and void frequently.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The statement 'It is acceptable to take frequent bubble baths' indicates a need for further teaching. Oils in bubble bath and similar products can irritate the urethra, potentially leading to recurrent urinary tract infections. The other choices are correct: wiping from front to back helps prevent the spread of bacteria, wearing cotton underwear promotes breathability and reduces moisture, and drinking fluids and voiding frequently help flush out bacteria.

4. Which of the following is not a model centered on occupation?

• A. Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement
• B. Person-Environment-Occupation-Participation
• C. Biomechanical
• D. Model of Human Occupation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Biomechanical model. This model focuses on the physical aspects of performance rather than occupation. The Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement, Person-Environment-Occupation-Participation, and Model of Human Occupation are all occupation-centered models used in occupational therapy. The Biomechanical model is more focused on the physical aspects of movement and performance rather than the broader concept of occupation.

5. An adolescent client reports recurrent abdominal pain with diarrhea and bloody stools. Which type of inflammatory bowel disease does the nurse suspect based on these data?

• A. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
• B. Ulcerative colitis (UC)
• C. Crohn's disease
• D. Appendicitis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools. The symptoms described align with the clinical presentation of ulcerative colitis, making it the most likely diagnosis in this scenario. Necrotizing enterocolitis primarily affects premature infants, Crohn's disease typically presents with non-bloody diarrhea, and appendicitis is characterized by right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Therefore, based on the symptoms provided, ulcerative colitis is the most appropriate suspicion.

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