Nursing Elites

1. A client is being taught about following a low-cholesterol diet after coronary artery bypass grafting. Which of the following food choices reflects the client's understanding of these dietary instructions?

• A. Liver
• B. Milk
• C. BEANS
• D. Eggs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choosing beans as a food option indicates that the client understands the low-cholesterol diet instructions. Beans are a good source of fiber and plant-based protein, which can help lower cholesterol levels. On the other hand, liver and eggs are high in cholesterol and should be limited in a low-cholesterol diet. Milk, especially whole milk, can also be high in saturated fats and cholesterol, so it is not the best choice for a low-cholesterol diet.

2. A nurse is caring for a client with a major burn injury and is receiving TPN. Which of the following lab tests is the priority for the nurse to use to confirm the client is receiving adequate nutrition?

• A. Iron
• B. Magnesium
• C. Folic acid
• D. Prealbumin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Prealbumin is a sensitive indicator of protein status and nutrition, making it a priority for assessing nutritional adequacy in clients receiving TPN. Iron, magnesium, and folic acid levels are important for overall health but do not specifically indicate nutritional adequacy in the context of TPN administration.

3. During the acute phase of a burn, the priority nursing intervention in caring for this client is:

• A. Prevention of infection
• B. Pain management
• C. Prevention of bleeding
• D. Fluid resuscitation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During the acute phase of a burn, fluid resuscitation is the priority nursing intervention. This phase is characterized by fluid loss and the risk of hypovolemic shock. Administering fluids is crucial to maintain perfusion and prevent complications such as organ failure. While prevention of infection, pain management, and prevention of bleeding are important aspects of burn care, fluid resuscitation takes precedence in the acute phase to stabilize the client's condition and prevent further damage.

4. What is tocopherol?

• A. Vitamin B1
• B. Vitamin B2
• C. Vitamin B3
• D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tocopherol is another name for Vitamin E, a fat-soluble antioxidant that helps protect cell membranes from oxidative damage. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as tocopherol is specifically related to Vitamin E and not Vitamin B1, B2, or B3.

5. A nurse is teaching a client about iron-rich foods. Which food is the best source of heme iron?

• A. Spinach
• B. Lentils
• C. Beef liver
• D. Tofu

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Heme iron, found in animal products like beef liver, is more easily absorbed than non-heme iron from plant sources.

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