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ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. A client has a new prescription for Simvastatin. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will take this medication at bedtime.
- B. I should avoid eating grapefruit while taking this medication.
- C. I will need to monitor my blood sugar closely while taking this medication.
- D. I will stop taking the medication if I develop muscle pain.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Grapefruit can increase the levels of simvastatin in the blood, leading to an increased risk of serious side effects, including muscle pain or damage. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to avoid consuming grapefruit while taking this medication to prevent potential complications.
2. What is the expected outcome of Valproate therapy?
- A. Decreased fever
- B. Decreased sense of anxiety
- C. Decreased blood pressure
- D. Decreased seizure activity
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased seizure activity. Valproate is commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy to help control and reduce seizure frequency. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Valproate is not primarily used to treat fever, anxiety, or blood pressure issues.
3. During an admission assessment for a client with severe Aspirin toxicity, what finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Body temperature 35°C (95°F)
- B. Lung crackles
- C. Cool, dry skin
- D. Respiratory depression
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In severe Aspirin toxicity, respiratory depression can occur due to increasing respiratory acidosis. Aspirin toxicity leads to metabolic acidosis, stimulating the respiratory center in the brain to increase the respiratory rate initially. However, as the toxicity worsens, respiratory muscle fatigue and depression can occur, resulting in respiratory depression. This can lead to hypoxia, respiratory failure, and ultimately, respiratory arrest.
4. A client has been taking Sertraline for the past 2 days. Which of the following assessment findings should alert the nurse to the possibility that the client is developing Serotonin syndrome?
- A. Bruising
- B. Fever
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. Rash
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fever is a key symptom of serotonin syndrome, a potentially serious condition that can occur with the use of SSRIs like Sertraline. Serotonin syndrome is characterized by excessive levels of serotonin in the body, leading to symptoms such as fever, agitation, confusion, tremors, and sweating. If a client on Sertraline presents with fever, the nurse should consider the possibility of serotonin syndrome and take appropriate actions such as notifying the healthcare provider and monitoring the client closely. Bruising, abdominal pain, and rash are not typically associated with serotonin syndrome and are more likely to be indicative of other conditions or side effects.
5. A healthcare professional is educating a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statements should the healthcare professional include?
- A. Avoid foods high in vitamin K.
- B. Report any signs of bleeding to your healthcare provider.
- C. Use a soft toothbrush to prevent gum bleeding.
- D. Use an electric razor to prevent cuts.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement that the healthcare professional should include when educating a client prescribed warfarin is to report any signs of bleeding to their healthcare provider. Bleeding can indicate excessive anticoagulation, which is a serious side effect of warfarin. Prompt reporting of bleeding symptoms is crucial to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. While avoiding foods high in vitamin K may be important when taking warfarin due to its interaction with the medication, it is not the priority over reporting signs of bleeding. Using a soft toothbrush and electric razor are general precautions for individuals on anticoagulants but are not as critical as reporting bleeding symptoms.
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