ATI RN
ATI Nutrition 2024 NGN Exam
1. A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has Phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?
- A. Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week.
- B. Serum bilirubin should be monitored one or two times per month during pregnancy
- C. Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU.
- D. A low-protein diet should be followed for three months prior to conception.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A low-protein diet helps manage PKU by reducing phenylalanine levels, which is crucial for maternal and fetal health.
2. A nurse is planning care for a client who has ascites secondary to liver disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Reduce complex carbohydrates to 30% of total calories.
- B. Restrict protein intake to less than 0.8 g/kg/day.
- C. Decrease daily caloric intake by 20%.
- D. Limit sodium to 2000 mg or less per day.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Limiting sodium to 2000 mg or less per day helps manage fluid retention associated with ascites in liver disease.
3. A nurse is assessing the nutritional status of an infant who is 6 months old. The infant weighed 2.7 kg at birth. Which of the following indicate to the nurse that the infant is within expected range?
- A. 5.5 kg
- B. 6.4 kg
- C. 4.5 kg
- D. 3.6 kg
Correct answer: B
Rationale: An infant's weight should approximately double by 6 months. A weight of 6.4 kg indicates normal growth from a birth weight of 2.7 kg.
4. A nurse is providing nutritional education to a client who is obese. The nurse should include in the information that which of the following gastrointestinal disorders is commonly associated with obesity?
- A. Peptic ulcer disease
- B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- C. Celiac disease
- D. Crohn’s disease
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly associated with obesity due to increased abdominal pressure and other factors.
5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods or beverages should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?
- A. Orange juice
- B. Decaffeinated coffee
- C. Peppermint
- D. Potatoes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potatoes. Potatoes are bland and less likely to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making them a good choice for minimizing heartburn in clients with GERD. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Orange juice and peppermint can exacerbate GERD symptoms due to their acidic or relaxing effects on the esophageal sphincter. Decaffeinated coffee, although lower in caffeine, is still acidic and can trigger heartburn in individuals with GERD.
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