ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A child is being assessed for acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Hematuria
- B. Polyuria
- C. Hypertension
- D. Diarrhea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), hypertension is a common finding due to fluid retention and decreased kidney function. This condition often presents with hypertension as a result of sodium and water retention, as well as reduced glomerular filtration rate. Hematuria, not diarrhea, is also a common symptom of APSGN due to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli. Polyuria, an increase in urine output, is not a typical finding in APSGN unless severe kidney damage leads to decreased urine concentrating ability.
2. Which principle does not follow neuromaturational theory?
- A. The sequence and rate of motor development are consistent among infants
- B. Movement emerges from an interaction and cooperation of many systems
- C. Movement progresses from primitive reflexes to voluntary control
- D. Low-level skills are prerequisites for certain high-level skills
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Neuromaturational theory emphasizes that motor development progresses in a predictable sequence and rate, starting from primitive reflexes to voluntary control. It also states that low-level skills are foundational for higher-level skills. However, the theory does not support the idea that movement solely emerges from an interaction and cooperation of many systems, as it focuses more on the hierarchical development of motor skills.
3. When teaching a school-age child and the parent how to administer insulin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Store the insulin in the refrigerator after each use.
- B. Rotate injection sites each time you give the injection.
- C. You should give the insulin at room temperature.
- D. Administer the insulin within 30 minutes of each meal.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: It is essential to give insulin at room temperature to prevent discomfort during administration. Cold insulin can cause stinging and pain, which can be avoided by allowing the insulin to reach room temperature before administration. Storing insulin in the refrigerator is correct for long-term storage, but it should be brought to room temperature before use. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent lipohypertrophy, a condition characterized by fatty lumps that can develop if injections are consistently given in the same area. Administering insulin within 30 minutes of a meal is generally recommended to match the insulin peak action with the peak glucose levels after eating, but giving insulin at room temperature is more crucial to ensure comfort and proper absorption.
4. Marge is a 2-year-old girl who does not sit and eat at mealtimes but rather brings food to many rooms, eats a few bites, and drops it. Her parents report that she is a 'fussy eater.' Marge is significantly below weight for her age. She does not have any oral motor structure abnormalities, but eats only certain foods with the same texture. Which intervention strategy would be best to address the environmental context?
- A. Prolong mealtimes and eliminate all snacks
- B. Provide high-calorie snacks and meals at the table throughout the day
- C. Allow Marge to eat whenever and wherever she wants in the house
- D. Require Marge to eat everything on her plate and at snack
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the case of Marge, who exhibits selective eating habits and struggles with weight gain, providing high-calorie snacks and meals at the table throughout the day can be an effective intervention. This strategy can help increase her food intake in a structured environment, promoting healthier eating habits and potentially addressing her below-average weight status. Choice A, prolonging mealtimes and eliminating all snacks, may not be the best approach as it could lead to more food refusal and stress during meals. Choice C, allowing Marge to eat whenever and wherever she wants in the house, may further enable her selective eating behavior and hinder progress. Choice D, requiring Marge to eat everything on her plate and at snack, can create a negative mealtime environment and may not address the underlying causes of her eating habits. Therefore, providing high-calorie snacks and meals at designated times offers a balanced approach to support Marge's nutritional needs and overall well-being.
5. A newborn diagnosed with an omphalocele defect is admitted to the intensive care nursery. Which nursing action is appropriate based on the current data?
- A. Placing the newborn on a radiant warmer
- B. Placing the newborn in an open crib
- C. Preparing the newborn for phototherapy
- D. Preparing the newborn for bottle-feeding
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Placing the newborn on a radiant warmer is appropriate as it helps maintain the body temperature and prevent hypothermia in a newborn with an omphalocele defect. This is crucial for the infant's well-being and supports their physiological stability.
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