Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a characteristic finding in Kawasaki disease?

• A. Strawberry tongue
• B. Polyarthritis
• C. Hematuria
• D. Rashes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A 'strawberry tongue' is a characteristic finding in Kawasaki disease. The presence of a 'strawberry tongue' is a classic sign of Kawasaki disease, along with other features such as conjunctivitis and rash. Choice B, polyarthritis, is not typically seen in Kawasaki disease. Choice C, hematuria, is not a common finding in Kawasaki disease but may be seen in other conditions. Choice D, rashes, are present in Kawasaki disease but are not as specific or characteristic as the 'strawberry tongue'. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

2. The nurse is preparing to give acetaminophen (Tylenol) to a child who has a fever. What nursing action is appropriate?

• A. Retake the temperature in 15 minutes after giving the Tylenol.
• B. Place a warm blanket on the child so chilling does not occur.
• C. Check to be sure the Tylenol dose does not exceed 15 mg/kg.
• D. Use cold compresses instead of Tylenol to control the fever.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Ensuring the dose does not exceed 15 mg/kg is critical to avoid overdose and potential liver damage. Retaking the temperature immediately or using cold compresses is not necessary, and placing a warm blanket could exacerbate the fever.

3. The nurse is teaching the family of a child with a long-term central venous access device about signs and symptoms of bacteremia. What finding indicates the presence of bacteremia?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Pain at the entry site
• C. Fever and general malaise
• D. Redness and swelling at the entry site

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fever and general malaise are systemic signs of bacteremia, indicating that the infection may have spread beyond the local entry site. Localized pain, redness, and swelling are signs of a localized infection but do not necessarily indicate bacteremia.

4. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?

• A. Presence of the child's parent
• B. Child’s physical condition
• C. Child’s developmental level
• D. Child’s nonverbal behaviors

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The child’s developmental level is the most important factor, as it determines how information should be communicated and what the child can understand.

5. Which vaccine is contraindicated in a child with a history of severe egg allergy?

• A. MMR
• B. Varicella
• C. Influenza
• D. Hepatitis B

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Influenza. The influenza vaccine is produced using egg-based technology, so individuals with a severe egg allergy are at risk of an allergic reaction if vaccinated with the influenza vaccine. This is due to the potential presence of egg proteins in the vaccine. Choices A, B, and D are not contraindicated in children with severe egg allergy. The MMR and Varicella vaccines do not pose a risk for children with egg allergies, and the Hepatitis B vaccine is also safe for these individuals.

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