which nutrient is most important for the prevention of osteoporosis

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023

1. Which nutrient is most important for the prevention of osteoporosis?

A. Vitamin A
B. Iron
C. Calcium
D. Protein

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Calcium is the most important nutrient for bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis. Calcium plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density and strength. Vitamin A is important for vision and immune function but is not directly related to bone health. Iron is essential for oxygen transport in the blood, while protein is important for muscle growth and repair. However, in the context of preventing osteoporosis, calcium is the key nutrient.

2. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter?

A. Self-esteem disturbance
B. Impaired urinary elimination
C. Impaired skin integrity
D. Risk for infection

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Risk for infection.' An indwelling urinary catheter poses a significant risk for infection due to its invasive nature and the increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections. While 'B: Impaired urinary elimination' and 'C: Impaired skin integrity' may also be concerns for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter, the immediate risk of infection is the priority. 'A: Self-esteem disturbance' is not typically a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter because the focus is primarily on infection prevention and management to ensure patient safety and well-being.

3. While a team effort is necessary in the operating room (OR) for efficient and quality patient care delivery, the number of people in the room should be limited for infection control purposes. Which roles comprise this team?

A. Surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, radiologist, orderly
B. Surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, circulating nurse, anesthesiologist
C. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, scrub nurse, pathologist
D. Surgeon, assistant surgeon, anesthesiologist, intern, scrub nurse

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The roles typically present in an operating room team include the surgeon, assistants (which may include an assistant surgeon), scrub nurse, circulating nurse, and anesthesiologist. These roles are directly involved in the operation and patient care. Choice B is correct. Choice A includes a radiologist and an orderly, who are not typically part of the immediate surgical team in the OR. Choice C includes a pathologist, who usually works in a laboratory outside of the OR. Choice D includes an intern, who may or may not be part of the team, depending on the specific circumstances and hospital policy. These explanations make choices A, C, and D incorrect.

4. Which statement does not describe a potential role of minerals in the body?

A. they provide calories and energy to the body
B. they help maintain fluid balance in the body
C. they give teeth and bone their strength
D. they help muscles contract

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Minerals do not provide calories or energy; instead, they play various roles such as building strong bones and teeth, maintaining fluid balance, and supporting muscle contractions.