Nursing Elites

1. What soft tissue musculoskeletal injury is excessive stretching of a ligament?

• A. Sprain
• B. Ligament tear
• C. Strain
• D. Tendon rupture

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A sprain is an injury involving excessive stretching of a ligament.

2. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a client with immobility?

• A. Constipation related to immobility
• B. Ineffective breathing pattern related to inability to breathe deeply in a supine position
• C. Risk for impaired skin integrity as evidenced by pressure over bony prominences
• D. Risk for disuse syndrome as evidenced by immobility

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct priority nursing diagnosis for a client with immobility is 'Risk for impaired skin integrity as evidenced by pressure over bony prominences.' Immobility predisposes the client to the development of pressure ulcers due to prolonged pressure on bony areas. Monitoring and preventing impaired skin integrity is crucial to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and D are not the priority in this case. Constipation, ineffective breathing pattern, and disuse syndrome are important but secondary to the immediate risk of skin breakdown associated with immobility.

3. Which of the following clients should be placed in isolation for airborne precautions?

• A. A high school wrestling championship with a rash
• B. A client that recently travelled and developed a fever with cough
• C. A client with an unknown skin infection
• D. A client with heart palpitations

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

4. Death of bone tissue can occur when the blood supply to the bone is disrupted. What is this complication called?

• A. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
• B. Avascular necrosis
• C. Delayed union
• D. Complex regional pain syndrome

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, avascular necrosis. Avascular necrosis is the condition where bone tissue dies due to the disruption of blood supply to the bone. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (Choice A) is a chronic pain condition, delayed union (Choice C) refers to a delayed healing of a fracture, and complex regional pain syndrome (Choice D) is a chronic pain condition typically affecting an arm or leg.

5. The nurse suspects a 3-year-old who is coughing vigorously has aspirated a small object. Which action should the nurse take?

• A. Deliver upward abdominal thrusts with a fisted hand
• B. Perform a blind finger sweep of the child's mouth
• C. Complete five rapid back blows between the shoulder blades
• D. Encourage the child to continue coughing

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

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