what is the biopsychosocial model and why is it important

ATI RN

Psychology 2301 Exam 1

1. What is the biopsychosocial model, and why is it important?

A. A model that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors.
B. A model that focuses solely on biological factors.
C. A model that excludes social factors.
D. A model that focuses solely on psychological factors.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The biopsychosocial model is a model that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors. It is important because it recognizes the interconnectedness of these factors in influencing an individual's mental health. Option B is incorrect because the biopsychosocial model does not focus solely on biological factors. Option C is incorrect as the model does not exclude social factors. Option D is incorrect as the model does not focus solely on psychological factors.

2. Skinner would agree with all the following statements except:

A. All behavior is governed by external consequences.
B. Individuals have free will.
C. Organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes.
D. Organisms tend not to repeat responses that lead to neutral or negative outcomes.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Skinner's behaviorist perspective emphasized that behavior is influenced by external factors and reinforcement, rather than individual free will. Therefore, Skinner would not agree with the statement that individuals have free will. Choices A, C, and D align with Skinner's beliefs as he believed that behavior is shaped by external consequences, organisms tend to repeat behaviors leading to positive outcomes, and organisms tend to avoid behaviors leading to neutral or negative outcomes.

3. Cortisol is a hormone that ________.

A. is released by the hypothalamus and travels to the pituitary gland, causing it to respond.
B. the pituitary gland releases to stimulate the adrenal gland.
C. the adrenal gland produces that mobilizes the body to deal with stress.
D. reduces the reuptake of the monoamine neurotransmitters.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal gland that mobilizes the body to deal with stress. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer. Choices A and B are incorrect as they inaccurately describe the origin and function of cortisol. Choice D is also incorrect as it describes the action of a different type of substance, not cortisol.

4. Newer psychodynamic perspectives ________.

A. disregard most elements of Freud's theories.
B. emphasize the role of the id.
C. do not view the libido as a primary determinant of behavior.
D. recognize intrapsychic conflicts as a primary determinant of behavior.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Newer psychodynamic perspectives do not view the libido as a primary determinant of behavior. While Freud's theories focused heavily on the libido as a driving force, newer perspectives have evolved to consider a broader range of factors influencing behavior. Choice A is incorrect as newer perspectives still build upon some elements of Freud's theories. Choice B is incorrect as newer perspectives may not solely emphasize the role of the id. Choice D is incorrect as while intrapsychic conflicts are considered important, they are not always viewed as the sole primary determinant of behavior in newer psychodynamic perspectives.

5. Latresha is not hungry, is extremely tired, and doesn't feel like doing much of anything. She often feels that life is just hopeless. These symptoms have been going on for 2 months now. She probably is suffering from which mood disorder?

A. Generalized anxiety disorder
B. Bipolar disorder
C. Major depressive disorder
D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Major Depressive Disorder. Latresha's symptoms of prolonged sadness, fatigue, and lack of interest in activities lasting for 2 months indicate a major depressive episode. Generalized anxiety disorder (A) is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety, not necessarily prolonged sadness. Bipolar disorder (B) involves episodes of both mania and depression, not solely prolonged sadness. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (D) is characterized by obsessions and compulsions, not the symptoms described in the scenario.