Nursing Elites

1. What is functional behavior analysis?

• A. Systematic observation of behavior
• B. Standardized assessment
• C. Multiple choice examination
• D. Parent-teacher questionnaire

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Functional behavior analysis involves systematically observing behavior to understand its function and context. It focuses on identifying the antecedents and consequences that maintain or influence behavior. This systematic observation helps in determining patterns, triggers, and maintaining factors of behavior. Standardized assessments (choice B) involve using specific tools or tests to measure a person's performance or behavior but do not focus on observation. Multiple choice examinations (choice C) and parent-teacher questionnaires (choice D) are not synonymous with functional behavior analysis as they do not involve direct observation of behavior for analysis.

2. A healthcare professional is planning care for an infant who has a colostomy. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?

• A. Change the ostomy pouch every day.
• B. Use baby wipes to clean the stoma.
• C. Avoid using soap to clean the stoma.
• D. Apply barrier ointment to the skin around the stoma.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When caring for an infant with a colostomy, it is essential to apply barrier ointment to the skin around the stoma. This helps in preventing skin breakdown and irritation caused by exposure to stool or urine. Changing the ostomy pouch as needed, using appropriate cleaning supplies such as warm water and mild soap (avoiding harsh chemicals like alcohol), and ensuring gentle cleaning of the stoma with a soft cloth or gauze are also important steps in colostomy care. Using baby wipes may not be recommended as they can contain chemicals that may irritate the sensitive skin around the stoma.

3. What is the recommended sleep duration for 14-17-year-olds?

• A. 14-17 hours
• B. 8-10 hours
• C. 12-15 hours
• D. 9-11 hours

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended sleep duration for adolescents aged 14-17 is 8-10 hours to promote optimal health. Getting enough sleep is crucial for their physical and mental well-being, as it supports growth, development, learning, and overall health.

4. A child receives a vaccine for MMR. Six hours after the injection, the child�s parent reports local soreness, erythema, lethargy, and a fever of 101�F to a nurse. Which action should the nurse take?

• A. Give instructions on relieving symptoms with acetaminophen
• B. Seek emergency help, because these symptoms are signs of anaphylactic reaction
• C. Tell the parent that a live vaccine will cause a mild case of measles
• D. Obtain and fill out a Vaccine Adverse Event Report form

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Low-grade fever, malaise, and muscle aches are common reactions. Acetaminophen usually alleviates these problems. MMR is a live vaccine but it is attenuated or completely avirulent and does not cause measles in healthy children, only immunocompromised children.

5. A school-age child is 4 hours postoperative following perforated appendicitis repair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Maintain the child on a clear liquid diet for 48 hours.
• B. Administer antibiotics for 7 days.
• C. Apply warm compresses to the surgical site every 4 hours.
• D. Keep the child on NPO status for 24 hours.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering antibiotics for 7 days is essential postoperatively to prevent infections and complications in a child who underwent perforated appendicitis repair. This helps in reducing the risk of secondary infections and promoting healing. Clear liquid diets, warm compresses, and prolonged fasting are not the primary interventions indicated in this scenario.

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