Nursing Elites

1. What is a physical characteristic of infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy?

• A. Being large for gestational age
• B. Growth restriction in weight only
• C. Preterm but size appropriate for gestational age
• D. Growth restriction in weight, length, and chest and head circumference

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Growth restriction in weight, length, and chest and head circumference. Infants born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy exhibit growth failure in weight, length, chest, and head circumference. This growth failure is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked by the mother. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because infants exposed to maternal smoking do not tend to be large for gestational age, experience growth restriction in weight only, or be preterm but size appropriate for gestational age.

2. What statement is most descriptive of Meckel diverticulum?

• A. It is present from birth.
• B. Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse.
• C. It occurs with equal frequency in both genders.
• D. Surgical interventions are always necessary to treat the problem.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Meckel diverticulum often presents with intestinal bleeding, which can vary in severity. It is a congenital condition, meaning it is present from birth, not acquired during childhood (choice A). Meckel diverticulum is slightly more common in males than in females, so it does not occur more frequently in females (choice C). While some cases of Meckel diverticulum may require surgical intervention, medical interventions can also be sufficient to treat the problem, so it is not always necessary to resort to surgery (choice D).

3. The nurse is teaching a group of new nursing graduates about identifiable qualities of strong families that help them function effectively. Which quality should be included in the teaching?

• A. Lack of congruence among family members
• B. Clear set of family values, rules, and beliefs
• C. Adoption of one coping strategy that always promotes positive functioning in dealing with life events
• D. Sense of commitment toward growth of individual family members as opposed to that of the family unit

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Strong families have a clear set of values, rules, and beliefs that guide their interactions and help them function effectively as a unit.

4. The parent of a 1-month-old infant voices concern about the infant’s respirations. The parent states the respirations are rapid and irregular. Which information should the nurse provide?

• A. The normal respiratory rate for an infant at this age is between 20 and 30 breaths per minute.
• B. The respirations of a 1-month-old infant are normally irregular and periodically pause.
• C. An infant at this age should have regular respirations.
• D. The irregularity of the infant's respirations is concerning; I will notify the health care provider.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Irregular respirations with periodic pauses are normal in a 1-month-old infant. Choice A is incorrect because the normal respiratory rate for an infant at this age is higher than the range provided. Choice C is incorrect as irregular respirations are expected in infants. Choice D is not appropriate as irregular respirations with periodic pauses are a normal finding in young infants and do not necessarily indicate a concern that requires immediate notification of the healthcare provider.

5. Physiological anorexia in toddlerhood occurs because of:

• A. Decreased appetite and decreased nutritional need
• B. Decreased appetite and increased nutritional need
• C. Increased appetite and lack of food preferences
• D. Increased appetite and strong food preferences

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Physiological anorexia in toddlers occurs due to a decreased appetite as growth rates slow down. Choice A is correct because it aligns with the concept that toddlers experience a natural decrease in appetite as their growth rate decreases. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest increased appetite or other factors not associated with physiological anorexia in toddlerhood.

Similar Questions