Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is conducting a teaching session for parents on nutrition. Which characteristics of families should the nurse consider that can cause families to struggle in providing adequate nutrition? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Homelessness
• B. Lower income
• C. Migrant status
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Factors like homelessness, lower income, and migrant status can create barriers to providing adequate nutrition for children.

2. When doing a nutritional assessment on a Hispanic family, the nurse learns that their diet consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches. The nurse should recognize that this diet is which?

• A. Lacking in protein
• B. Indicating they live in poverty
• C. Providing sufficient amino acids
• D. Needing enrichment with meat and milk

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A diet rich in vegetables, legumes, and starches can provide sufficient amino acids, particularly when complemented with varied food sources to ensure a balanced intake of essential nutrients.

3. A child is admitted with suspected pyloric stenosis. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care?

• A. Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis
• B. Observe for projectile vomiting
• C. Provide large, infrequent feedings to allow for rest
• D. Place the infant in a supine position after feeding

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Observe for projectile vomiting.' Projectile vomiting is a classic sign of pyloric stenosis, caused by obstruction at the pylorus. Choice A is incorrect as metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, often occurs due to the loss of hydrochloric acid from persistent vomiting. Choice C is incorrect as frequent, small feedings are preferred to prevent overloading the stomach. Choice D is incorrect as placing the infant in an upright position after feeding can help reduce reflux.

4. Which should the nurse teach to parents regarding oral health of children? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Fluoridated water should be used.
• B. Early childhood caries is a preventable disease
• C. All options are correct
• D. Dental hygiene should begin with the first tooth eruption

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fluoridated water helps prevent caries, early childhood caries is preventable, and dental hygiene should start with the first tooth eruption.

5. What is the first sign of puberty in boys?

• A. Enlargement of testes
• B. Decreased levels of testosterone
• C. Voice deepening
• D. Pubic hair

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The first sign of puberty in boys is typically the enlargement of the testes. This is due to the increase in production of testosterone, which leads to physical changes such as growth of the testes. Choice B, decreased levels of testosterone, is incorrect as puberty is marked by an increase in testosterone levels. Choice C, voice deepening, and choice D, pubic hair growth, usually occur later in the puberty process compared to testicular enlargement, making them incorrect answers.

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