Nursing Elites

1. What type of gastrointestinal complication is most likely to be caused by the use of antibiotics to treat H. pylori infection?

• A. Hemoptysis
• B. Altered taste sensation
• C. Flatulence
• D. Bloody stools

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Altered taste sensation. The use of antibiotics is known to cause changes in taste sensation as a side effect, especially when used to treat H. pylori infections. Hemoptysis (Choice A) refers to coughing up blood, and while it can be a symptom of various conditions, it is not typically associated with the use of antibiotics. Flatulence (Choice C) and bloody stools (Choice D) can also occur as gastrointestinal complications, but they are not the most likely side effect when treating H. pylori with antibiotics. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect.

2. Which breakfast item should be recommended for a vegan adolescent to combine protein?

• A. Bagel with cream cheese
• B. Wheat toast with jelly
• C. Oatmeal pancakes with peanut butter
• D. Eggs with tofu bacon

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Oatmeal pancakes with peanut butter provide a protein combination suitable for a vegan diet.

3. A nurse is developing a program about strategies to prevent foodborne illnesses for a community group. The nurse should plan to include which of the following recommendations? (Select one that does not apply).

• A. Keep cold food temperatures below 4.4�C (40�F).
• B. Reheat leftovers before eating.
• C. Wash raw vegetables thoroughly in clean water.
• D. Keep cooked foods at 48.9�C (120�F).

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is to keep cooked foods at 48.9�C (120�F). This temperature is too low to keep cooked foods safe from bacterial growth. The ideal temperature to keep cooked foods safe is above 60�C (140�F). Choices A, B, and C are all important strategies to prevent foodborne illnesses. Keeping cold food temperatures below 4.4�C (40�F) helps prevent bacterial growth, reheating leftovers before eating kills any bacteria that may have grown during storage, and washing raw vegetables thoroughly in clean water helps remove dirt and bacteria.

4. Which enzyme initiates protein digestion in the stomach?

• A. Pepsin
• B. Salivary Amylase
• C. CCK
• D. Secretin

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Pepsin is the enzyme that initiates protein digestion in the stomach. It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides, aiding in their further digestion and absorption in the intestines. Salivary Amylase (Choice B) functions in breaking down dietary carbohydrates in the mouth, not proteins. CCK (Choice C) and Secretin (Choice D) are hormones involved in the digestion of fats and carbohydrates, not proteins. Therefore, Choices B, C, and D are incorrect in the context of protein digestion in the stomach.

5. A nurse is providing teaching to a group of parents of newborns who are planning to formula feed. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. "I will give formula to my baby at room temperature."
• B. "I will ensure my baby's feeds last 10 to 15 minutes."
• C. "I will burp my baby halfway through each feeding."
• D. "I will watch for signs my baby is full and stop the feeding."

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is, "I will ensure my baby's feeds last 10 to 15 minutes." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because it suggests a strict time limit for feedings, which may not be appropriate for a newborn. Newborns should be allowed to feed as long as they want, typically around 20-30 minutes per breast if breastfeeding, or on-demand with formula. Choices A, C, and D demonstrate proper feeding practices such as feeding at room temperature, burping halfway through each feeding, and watching for signs of fullness to stop the feeding, which are all appropriate responses by a parent of a formula-fed newborn.

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