Nursing Elites

1. A diet high in which nutrient can lead to increased risk of developing kidney stones?

• A. Fiber
• B. Protein
• C. Carbohydrates
• D. Unsaturated fats

Correct answer: B

Rationale: High protein intake can increase the risk of kidney stones due to elevated calcium excretion.

2. A patient is being discharged with a vitamin K deficiency. What food should the nurse recommend to the patient to include in their diet?

• A. Oranges
• B. Spinach
• C. Fish
• D. Nuts

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Spinach is an excellent source of vitamin K, which plays a vital role in blood clotting and bone health. Oranges, fish, and nuts do not contain significant amounts of vitamin K, making them less suitable choices to address a vitamin K deficiency. Therefore, the correct recommendation for a patient with a vitamin K deficiency would be to include spinach in their diet to help replenish this essential vitamin.

3. Nutritional goals for a patient wishing to modify eating patterns should adhere to each, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Measurable
• B. Immediate
• C. Realistic
• D. Achievable

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nutritional goals should be measurable, realistic, and achievable. They should not be immediate, as sustainable changes take time.

4. What is the first thing you should do before sharing information with a patient?

• A. Provide background knowledge
• B. Ask for permission
• C. Remove personal protective equipment (PPE)
• D. Remind the patient that you are the authority

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Before sharing information with a patient, it is essential to ask for their permission. This action respects the patient's autonomy and encourages their participation in the learning process. Asking for permission establishes a foundation of trust and partnership between the healthcare provider and the patient. Providing background knowledge (Choice A) is important, but it should come after receiving consent to share information. Removing personal protective equipment (Choice C) is not related to the communication process. Reminding the patient that you are the authority (Choice D) is inappropriate as it can undermine the patient's autonomy and hinder effective communication in a patient-centered care approach.

5. What special consideration should be taken into account when Mario prepares Richard for postural drainage and percussion?

• A. Monitoring a respiratory rate of 16 to 20 per minute
• B. Assessing the client's ability to tolerate sitting and lying positions
• C. Ensuring the client is free of signs of infection
• D. Knowing the time of the client's last food and fluid intake

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'Monitoring a respiratory rate of 16 to 20 per minute'. When performing postural drainage and percussion, it is crucial to monitor the respiratory rate to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Choice B, 'Assessing the client's ability to tolerate sitting and lying positions', while important, is not directly related to the specifics of postural drainage and percussion. Similarly, option C, 'Ensuring the client is free of signs of infection', although important, is not directly linked to the procedure. Option D, 'Knowing the time of the client's last food and fluid intake', might be relevant for other procedures, but it is not the primary consideration for postural drainage and percussion.

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