Nursing Elites

1. Which adolescent student lunch, evaluated by the school nurse, is the least nutritious?

• A. Ham sandwich, apple, and milk
• B. Hamburger, fries, and soft drink
• C. Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches
• D. Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hamburger, fries, and soft drink. This meal is considered the least nutritious among the options provided due to its high content of unhealthy fats, processed carbohydrates, and added sugars, which lack essential nutrients. On the other hand, choice A: Ham sandwich, apple, and milk, offers a balanced meal with protein, fiber, vitamins, and calcium. Choice C: Macaroni and cheese, green beans, and peaches, provides a mixture of carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruits. Choice D: Meatloaf, broccoli, and pear slices, includes protein, fiber, and vitamins. Thus, all choices except B provide a more balanced and nutritious meal.

2. When can a patient's medical record become a potential issue for the doctor or nurse?

• A. When the record is extensive
• B. When a medical record is subpoenaed in court
• C. When it is missing
• D. When the medical record is inaccurate, incomplete, or inadequate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. A medical record becomes a potential issue for a doctor or a nurse when it is inaccurate, incomplete, or inadequate. This is because a medical record is a key tool for healthcare professionals to track a patient's history, treatment, and progress. If the record is not accurate or complete, it can lead to misdiagnosis, incorrect treatment, or other potential problems in patient care. While missing records (Choice C) could be a problem, they do not directly implicate the doctor or nurse in the same way that inaccurate or inadequate records do. An extensive record (Choice A) or a record being subpoenaed in court (Choice B) are not inherently problematic for healthcare professionals and do not necessarily reflect negatively on their work.

3. Health practitioners evaluate disease progression in HIV-infected patients by measuring the concentrations of helper T cells and circulating virus, called _____.

• A. cross resistance
• B. the immune response
• C. acquired resistance
• D. the viral load

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The viral load is the measure of the amount of circulating virus in the blood and is used to evaluate the progression of HIV infection.

4. Which nursing diagnosis has nutritional implications?

• A. impaired dentition
• B. disruption of gas exchange
• C. self-esteem disturbance
• D. sleep pattern disturbance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Impaired dentition affects a patient's ability to chew and consume a variety of foods, leading to potential nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition.

5. A healthcare professional is preparing to remove a client’s clogged NG tube prior to re-inserting a new tube. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?

• A. Assist the client in blowing their nose.
• B. Ask the client to take a deep breath and hold it.
• C. Pinch the proximal end of the tube.
• D. Disconnect the tube from the suction source.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: Disconnecting the tube from the suction source is the first step in safely removing a clogged NG tube. This action helps prevent any suction-related complications and ensures a smooth transition when removing the tube. Choice A, assisting the client to blow their nose, is not necessary in this situation. Choice B, asking the client to take a deep breath and hold it, is unrelated to the process of removing a clogged NG tube. Choice C, pinching the proximal end of the tube, should only be done after disconnecting the tube from the suction source to prevent the contents from leaking.

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