the nurse notes that a child has lost 36 kg 8 lb after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis what is the most likely cause of this we

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. The nurse notes that a child has lost 3.6 kg (8 lb) after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis. What is the most likely cause of this weight loss?

A. Poor appetite
B. Reduction of edema
C. Restriction to bed rest
D. Increased potassium intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The weight loss is most likely due to the reduction of edema, as glomerulonephritis often causes fluid retention that resolves with treatment, leading to significant weight loss.

2. Which disease requires strict isolation due to its mode of transmission?

A. Mumps
B. Chickenpox
C. Exanthema subitum (roseola)
D. Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Chickenpox (choice B). Chickenpox is highly communicable and requires strict isolation to prevent the spread of the virus through direct contact, droplet transmission, and contaminated objects. Mumps (choice A) is also contagious but does not typically require strict isolation. Exanthema subitum (roseola) (choice C) and Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) (choice D) are not as highly contagious as chickenpox and do not necessitate strict isolation.

3. Which nonpharmacologic intervention appears to be effective in decreasing neonatal procedural pain?

A. Tactile stimulation
B. Commercial warm packs
C. Doing procedure during infant sleep
D. Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking are effective nonpharmacologic interventions for reducing procedural pain in neonates.

4. Using knowledge of child development, what approach is best when preparing a toddler for a procedure?

A. Avoid asking the child to make choices.
B. Plan for a teaching session to last about 20 minutes.
C. Demonstrate on a doll how the procedure will be done.
D. Show the necessary equipment without allowing child to handle it.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Demonstrating on a doll helps the toddler understand what will happen in a non-threatening way, making the procedure less intimidating. Long teaching sessions or avoiding choices can increase anxiety.