Nursing Elites

1. What intervention is crucial during a sickle cell crisis in a child?

• A. Administer oxygen
• B. Apply cold compresses
• C. Restrict fluids
• D. Encourage bed rest

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering oxygen is crucial during a sickle cell crisis in a child as it helps to prevent further sickling of cells. Oxygen therapy can improve oxygen saturation levels, reducing the risk of tissue damage and complications. Applying cold compresses (choice B) is not recommended as it can potentially worsen vaso-occlusive crisis by causing vasoconstriction. Restricting fluids (choice C) is not appropriate as hydration is essential to prevent dehydration and maintain adequate blood flow. Encouraging bed rest (choice D) may be necessary but administering oxygen takes precedence in managing a sickle cell crisis.

2. A preschooler pretending to do the dishes like her mother is an example of:

• A. Domestic mimicry
• B. Artificialism
• C. Magical thinking
• D. Centering

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Domestic mimicry is the correct answer. It refers to children imitating household activities they observe, aiding in their cognitive and social development. By engaging in such play, children understand and interact with the world around them. Choice B, 'Artificialism,' is incorrect as it pertains to the belief that environmental characteristics are created by human beings. Choice C, 'Magical thinking,' involves children believing in unrealistic events or powers. Choice D, 'Centering,' refers to a child focusing on only one aspect of a situation and not considering other viewpoints.

3. What is the number one leading cause of death in children over 1 year of age?

• A. Congenital anomalies
• B. Homicide
• C. Suicide
• D. Accidents

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Accidents, such as motor vehicle accidents, drowning, and falls, are the primary cause of death in children over 1 year of age. While congenital anomalies can be a significant cause of mortality in infants, they are less common in older children. Homicide and suicide are serious issues but are not as prevalent as accidents in causing death among children over 1 year of age.

4. What is the most common complication following surgical correction of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in infants?

• A. Gastroesophageal reflux
• B. Respiratory distress
• C. Stricture formation
• D. Aspiration pneumonia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most common complication following surgical correction of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in infants is stricture formation. This complication occurs due to the healing process after surgery, leading to the narrowing of the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux (Choice A) can be a concern but is not the most common complication. Respiratory distress (Choice B) may happen but is not the primary complication. Aspiration pneumonia (Choice D) is a risk but is typically not as common as stricture formation in these cases.

5. An infant, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is what?

• A. Normal tooth eruption
• B. Delayed tooth eruption
• C. Unusual and dangerous
• D. Earlier than expected tooth eruption

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Having six teeth at 6 months is earlier than the typical tooth eruption schedule, but it is not unusual or dangerous. It is within the range of normal variations in infant development.

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