a child is admitted with renal failure which of these findings should the nurse expect

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

1. A child is admitted with renal failure. Which of these findings should the nurse expect?

A. Decreased BUN
B. Azotemia and oliguria
C. Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
D. Polyuria and elevated creatinine clearance

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Azotemia (elevated BUN and creatinine) and oliguria (reduced urine output) are classic signs of renal failure, indicating impaired kidney function. In renal failure, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter waste products, leading to an increase in BUN and creatinine levels in the blood. Additionally, oliguria occurs due to decreased kidney function. Increased GFR (Choice C) is not expected in renal failure as it signifies improved kidney function, which is not the case in renal failure. Polyuria and elevated creatinine clearance (Choice D) are not typical findings in renal failure. Polyuria is more commonly associated with conditions like diabetes insipidus, while elevated creatinine clearance would indicate increased kidney function, which is contrary to the impaired function seen in renal failure.

2. A school-age client is in the playroom when the respiratory therapist arrives to give a scheduled breathing treatment. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

A. Escort the child to their room and ask the child-life specialist to bring toys to the bedside
B. Reschedule the treatment for a later time
C. Assist the child back to their room for the treatment but reassure them that they may return when the procedure is completed
D. Show the respiratory therapist to the playroom

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate action is to assist the child back to their room for the treatment but reassure them that they may return when the procedure is completed. This approach ensures that the child receives the necessary treatment while also acknowledging their desire to continue playing in the playroom. Choice A is incorrect because it suggests moving the child to the room and asking the child-life specialist to bring toys, which may not be necessary. Choice B is incorrect as rescheduling the treatment may not be in the best interest of the child's health. Choice D is incorrect as the nurse should guide the child back to their room for the treatment.

3. The nurse should assess which age group for suicide ideation since suicide in which age group is the third leading cause of death?

A. Preschoolers
B. Young school age
C. Middle school age
D. Late school age and adolescents

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Suicide is the third leading cause of death in late school-age children and adolescents, requiring careful assessment for ideation in these age groups.

4. What is a common cause of acquired aplastic anemia in children?

A. Deficient diet
B. Ingestion of drugs such as chloramphenicol or antiepileptics
C. Congenital defects
D. Injury

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Acquired aplastic anemia in children is often caused by exposure to certain drugs, such as chloramphenicol or antiepileptics, which can lead to bone marrow failure and a decrease in all types of blood cells. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because aplastic anemia is not commonly caused by deficient diet, congenital defects, or injury in children.