Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is planning an educational session with a group of school-age children. Which primary task from Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development should be addressed?

• A. Establishing trust in others
• B. Developing a sense of autonomy
• C. Developing a sense of industry
• D. Establishing a sense of identity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, school-age children typically focus on developing a sense of industry. This stage, occurring during middle childhood, involves the desire to feel competent and productive in their skills and abilities. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because establishing trust in others (A) is related to the first stage of Erikson's theory (trust vs. mistrust) which occurs in infancy, developing a sense of autonomy (B) is linked to the second stage (autonomy vs. shame and doubt) which occurs in early childhood, and establishing a sense of identity (D) is associated with the fifth stage (identity vs. role confusion) which occurs in adolescence.

2. What is known as providing families with information on normal growth and development and nurturing child-rearing practices before the child enters that stage of development?

• A. Holistic nursing
• B. Evidence-based practice
• C. Morbidity
• D. Anticipatory guidance

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Anticipatory guidance is the process of providing parents with information about expected developmental milestones and how to address common issues that may arise during different stages of their child's growth. This proactive approach helps parents prepare for and support their child's development. Holistic nursing (choice A) refers to a comprehensive and integrated approach to healthcare that considers the whole person. Evidence-based practice (choice B) involves making clinical decisions based on the best available evidence. Morbidity (choice C) refers to the prevalence of a disease in a population.

3. What should the nurse explain about ringworm?

• A. It is not contagious
• B. It is a sign of uncleanliness
• C. It is expected to resolve spontaneously
• D. It is spread by both direct and indirect contact

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ringworm is a fungal infection that spreads through direct and indirect contact. Good hygiene practices can help prevent its spread.

4. The parents of an infant with a cleft palate ask the nurse, "What follow-up care will our infant need after the repair?" Which is an accurate response by the nurse?

• A. Your infant will not need any subsequent follow-up care
• B. Your infant will only need to be evaluated by an audiologist
• C. Your infant will only need follow-up with a speech pathologist
• D. Your infant will need follow-up with audiologists and orthodontists

Correct answer: D

Rationale: After cleft palate repair, the child will need ongoing follow-up with audiologists, speech pathologists, and orthodontists to monitor hearing, speech development, and dental alignment.

5. An infant is brought to the emergency department with the following clinical manifestations: poor skin turgor, weight loss, lethargy, tachycardia, and tachypnea. This is suggestive of which situation?

• A. Water excess
• B. Sodium excess
• C. Water depletion
• D. Potassium excess

Correct answer: C

Rationale: These symptoms are indicative of dehydration or water depletion, which is common in infants and can rapidly lead to severe consequences if not addressed promptly.

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