Nursing Elites

1. For which patient diagnosis would a prescription for nifedipine be least appropriate?

• A. Angina Pectoris
• B. Essential HTN
• C. Atrial Fibrillation
• D. Vasospastic Angina

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Nifedipine primarily acts as a calcium channel blocker, exerting its effects on vascular smooth muscle. It is not effective for treating dysrhythmias like Atrial Fibrillation, which involve abnormalities in the heart's electrical system. Nifedipine is commonly prescribed for conditions such as angina pectoris, essential hypertension, and vasospastic angina due to its vasodilatory and anti-anginal properties. Choices A, B, and D are more appropriate as nifedipine can help in managing angina pectoris, hypertension, and vasospastic angina by reducing myocardial oxygen demand and dilating coronary arteries.

2. A post-op patient has an epidural infusion of morphine sulfate. The patient�s respiratory rate declines to 8 breaths/minute. Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering?

• A. Naloxone (Narcan)
• B. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
• C. Methyprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
• D. Protamine Sulfate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that can reverse the effects, both adverse and therapeutic, of opioid narcotic analgesics.

3. A child with suspected bacterial meningitis is under the care of a nurse. Which action should the nurse prioritize?

• A. Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
• B. Maintain the child on NPO status.
• C. Monitor the child's intake and output.
• D. Implement seizure precautions.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The priority action for a child with suspected bacterial meningitis is to implement seizure precautions. Meningitis can lead to increased intracranial pressure, which may trigger seizures. By implementing seizure precautions, such as padding the side rails of the bed and ensuring a clear environment, the nurse aims to prevent injury during a potential seizure episode, prioritizing the child's safety. Administering antibiotics as prescribed is essential in treating bacterial meningitis, but seizure precautions take precedence due to the immediate risk of injury. Maintaining NPO status and monitoring intake and output are important aspects of care but are not the priority when considering the risk of seizures.

4. In which frame of reference do activities involve responses to movement, balance, weight bearing, and tactile activities?

• A. Motor control/motor learning
• B. Ayres' sensory integration
• C. Neurodevelopmental treatment
• D. Developmental

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Ayres' sensory integration focuses on activities that target responses to movement, balance, weight bearing, and tactile stimuli to improve sensory processing and integration. This approach aims to address sensory challenges through structured activities to enhance overall function and participation. Motor control/motor learning (Choice A) deals with the control and coordination of voluntary movements. Neurodevelopmental treatment (Choice C) focuses on facilitating normal movement patterns and postural control. Developmental (Choice D) refers to the natural sequence of growth and development in children.

5. Which is NOT one of the functions of challenging behaviors?

• A. Avoiding a situation
• B. Escaping from an undesired object or event
• C. to make others happy
• D. Sensory functions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Challenging behaviors often serve functions related to avoiding, escaping, obtaining, or sensory needs. The question is asking for the function that does not typically apply to challenging behaviors. Choices A, B, C, and D align with the common functions associated with challenging behaviors. Therefore, 'E' is the correct answer as it does not represent a typical function of challenging behaviors.

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