the nurse is caring for a child with beta thalassemia which child is in a group most at risk for beta thalassemia

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. The nurse is caring for a child with Beta Thalassemia. Which child is in a group most at risk for Beta Thalassemia?

A. A three-year-old girl of Mediterranean descent.
B. A ten-year-old boy of Hispanic descent.
C. A young girl of African descent.
D. A baby of European descent.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Beta Thalassemia is most common in individuals of Mediterranean descent, such as those from Italy, Greece, and the Middle East. This genetic disorder affects hemoglobin production and can lead to severe anemia. Choice A is the correct answer as individuals of Mediterranean descent are at the highest risk for Beta Thalassemia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not belong to the population group most at risk for this genetic disorder.

2. What is an essential nursing care intervention for a neonate with a suspected tracheoesophageal fistula?

A. Feed glucose water only.
B. Elevate the patient's head for feedings.
C. Raise the patient's head and give nothing by mouth.
D. Avoid suctioning unless the infant is cyanotic.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Raising the patient’s head and giving nothing by mouth is crucial in managing tracheoesophageal fistula. This intervention helps prevent aspiration and further complications until surgical correction can be performed. Feeding the neonate or suctioning could exacerbate the condition by risking aspiration. Elevating the head for feedings does not address the primary concern of preventing oral intake, making it less appropriate than the correct answer.

3. The nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old child with hepatitis A. What clinical features of hepatitis A should the nurse recognize?

A. The onset is rapid.
B. Fever occurs early.
C. All are applicable
D. Nausea and vomiting are common.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Hepatitis A typically presents with a rapid onset, early fever, and nausea/vomiting. These are common clinical features seen in patients with hepatitis A. A pruritic rash is not commonly associated with hepatitis A, so choice C is incorrect. Choice A and B alone are not sufficient to cover all the clinical features of hepatitis A.

4. What is the most effective method to prevent infection in the newborn?

A. Using disposable items
B. Practicing proper hand hygiene by staff and family
C. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
D. Isolating the newborn from others

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most effective method to prevent infection in newborns is by practicing proper hand hygiene by staff and family. This is crucial as it helps reduce the transmission of infectious agents, protecting vulnerable newborns. Using disposable items may help, but proper hand hygiene is more effective. Administering prophylactic antibiotics without a specific indication can lead to antibiotic resistance and is not recommended. Isolating the newborn from others is not practical and may not be necessary if proper hand hygiene is maintained.