Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is administering digoxin to a client. What is the most important parameter to check before administration?

• A. Heart rate
• B. Blood pressure
• C. Respiratory rate
• D. Oxygen saturation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heart rate. Before administering digoxin, it is crucial to check the client's heart rate because digoxin can cause bradycardia, making it essential to ensure the heart rate is within the appropriate range. Blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation are also important parameters to monitor in a clinical setting, but when administering digoxin, the focus should primarily be on the heart rate due to its potential effects on cardiac function.

2. The client is on a beta blocker for hypertension. What should the nurse monitor for?

• A. Bradycardia
• B. Tachycardia
• C. Hypertension
• D. Respiratory distress

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: When a client is on a beta blocker for hypertension, the nurse should monitor for bradycardia. Beta blockers are known to decrease heart rate, which can lead to bradycardia. Tachycardia (choice B) is unlikely as beta blockers have the opposite effect. Hypertension (choice C) is the condition being treated, not a side effect of beta blockers. Respiratory distress (choice D) is not a common effect of beta blockers and is not typically monitored in clients taking beta blockers.

3. Which of the following is a rare genetic disorder that affects the lungs, liver, and skin, causing the buildup of a specific protein that damages organs?

• A. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
• B. Cystic fibrosis
• C. Wegener's granulomatosis
• D. Marfan syndrome

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. This disorder leads to the accumulation of a specific protein that can harm the lungs, liver, and skin. Choice B, Cystic fibrosis, is incorrect because it primarily affects the lungs and digestive system due to a defective gene. Choice C, Wegener's granulomatosis, is an autoimmune disease that involves inflammation of blood vessels, not protein buildup. Choice D, Marfan syndrome, is a connective tissue disorder impacting the heart, blood vessels, bones, and eyes, but not involving protein accumulation that damages organs.

4. What is a condition where the heart's electrical impulses are delayed or blocked, leading to a slower or irregular heartbeat?

• A. Heart block
• B. Tachycardia
• C. Bradycardia
• D. Arrhythmia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Heart block is the correct answer because it specifically refers to a condition where the heart's electrical impulses are delayed or blocked, resulting in a slower or irregular heartbeat. Tachycardia (choice B) is a condition characterized by a fast heart rate, Bradycardia (choice C) is a slow heart rate, and Arrhythmia (choice D) is a general term used to describe any abnormal heart rhythm, which may or may not involve delays or blocks in electrical impulses.

5. What is the ability of cardiac cells to generate an electrical impulse without being stimulated by an external source?

• A. Automaticity
• B. Contractility
• C. Conductivity
• D. Refractoriness

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Automaticity is the correct answer because it refers to the inherent ability of cardiac cells to generate electrical impulses without the need for external stimulation. Contractility (Choice B) is the ability of the heart muscle to contract and generate force, not related to electrical impulse generation. Conductivity (Choice C) refers to the ability of cardiac cells to transmit electrical impulses from cell to cell, not the spontaneous generation of impulses. Refractoriness (Choice D) is the period during which the cardiac cells are recovering and not able to respond to a new stimulus, not the spontaneous generation of impulses.

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