Nursing Elites

1. During which stage of life is it most critical to build bone mass to prevent osteoporosis?

• A. Infancy
• B. Early childhood
• C. Adolescence
• D. Young adulthood

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Adolescence is the most critical stage for building bone mass, which plays a significant role in preventing osteoporosis in later life. During adolescence, approximately 45% of adult bone mass is formed. Although bone mass can be built during infancy, early childhood, and young adulthood, it is not as significant as during adolescence, making choices A, B, and D incorrect. Therefore, focusing on adequate nutrition and physical activity during adolescence is vital for long-term bone health.

2. Which type of fatty acid has carbon atoms connected by two or more double bonds?

• A. Saturated fatty acids
• B. Monounsaturated fatty acids
• C. Trans fatty acids
• D. Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Polyunsaturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds in their carbon chains, making them less stable and more prone to oxidation. This characteristic distinguishes them from saturated fatty acids (Choice A), which have single bonds between carbon atoms providing stability. Monounsaturated fatty acids (Choice B) contain only one double bond, and trans fatty acids (Choice C) can have varying numbers of double bonds but are not specifically defined by having two or more double bonds.

3. On the study “effects of effective nurse-patient communication in decreasing anxiety of post operative patients” What is the Independent variable?

• A. Effective Nurse-patient communication
• B. Communication
• C. Decreasing Anxiety
• D. Post operative patient

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. A client is being taught about following a low-cholesterol diet after coronary artery bypass grafting. Which of the following food choices reflects the client's understanding of these dietary instructions?

• A. Liver
• B. Milk
• C. BEANS
• D. Eggs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choosing beans as a food option indicates that the client understands the low-cholesterol diet instructions. Beans are a good source of fiber and plant-based protein, which can help lower cholesterol levels. On the other hand, liver and eggs are high in cholesterol and should be limited in a low-cholesterol diet. Milk, especially whole milk, can also be high in saturated fats and cholesterol, so it is not the best choice for a low-cholesterol diet.

5. A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is said to be _____.

• A. periodontal
• B. cariogenic
• C. gingival
• D. bacteriophilic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A condition that is conducive to the development of dental caries is described as cariogenic. Cariogenic refers to foods or conditions that promote the development of dental caries by providing an environment for bacteria to thrive and produce acids that erode tooth enamel. Choice A, periodontal, is incorrect as it relates to the supporting structures of the teeth rather than the development of dental caries. Choice C, gingival, is also incorrect as it pertains to the gums rather than the causation of dental caries. Choice D, bacteriophilic, is not the term commonly used to describe conditions that lead to dental caries, making it an incorrect choice.

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