Nursing Elites

1. Where does most nutrient digestion and absorption occur?

• A. Large intestine
• B. Small intestine
• C. Stomach
• D. Mouth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The small intestine is the correct answer. It is the primary site for nutrient digestion and absorption in the digestive system. The small intestine plays a crucial role in breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into forms that can be absorbed by the body. While the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, the majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine. The stomach primarily functions in the initial digestion of proteins, and the mouth begins the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing.

2. In administering blood transfusion, what needle gauge is used?

• A. 18 C. 23
• B. 22 D. 24
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. Which types of diabetes are characterized by the body's cells becoming resistant to insulin? (Select all that apply)

• A. Gestational diabetes
• B. Type II diabetes
• C. Type I diabetes
• D. Both A and B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In both gestational diabetes and Type II diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Insulin resistance in these types of diabetes prevents glucose from entering the cells, causing it to accumulate in the bloodstream. On the other hand, Type I diabetes is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin because the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Therefore, the correct answer is both A and B. Choice C, Type I diabetes, is not characterized by insulin resistance but rather by the body's inability to produce insulin. Therefore, it is incorrect. Choice D, Both A and B, includes the correct options of gestational diabetes and Type II diabetes, making it the correct answer.

4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching about food choices to a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as the best source of potassium?

• A. 1 cup grapes
• B. 1 cup shredded lettuce
• C. 1 cup cooked tomatoes
• D. 1 cup apple slices

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cooked tomatoes are high in potassium, which is crucial for maintaining normal cell function, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction, making them a suitable choice for addressing hypokalemia. Grapes, shredded lettuce, and apple slices do not contain as much potassium as cooked tomatoes, so they are not the best choice for addressing hypokalemia.

5. What dietary factor raises triglyceride levels?

• A. high refined carbohydrate intake
• B. low soluble fiber intake
• C. high iron intake
• D. low fat intake

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: high refined carbohydrate intake. High intake of refined carbohydrates, such as sugars and white flour, can lead to elevated triglyceride levels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Choice B, low soluble fiber intake, is incorrect because soluble fiber actually helps lower triglyceride levels. Choice C, high iron intake, is incorrect as iron intake is not directly linked to raising triglyceride levels. Choice D, low fat intake, is also incorrect as not all fats raise triglyceride levels; it depends on the type of fat consumed.

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